The simulated gambling paradigm applied to young adults: an examination of university students' performance.

Simulated gambling tasks have become popular as sensitive tools for identifying individuals with real-time impairment in decision making. Various clinical samples, especially patients with damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, perform poorly on these tasks. The patients typically persist in choosing risky (disadvantageous) card decks instead of switching to safer (advantageous) decks.

Memory implications of a "fornix white line" in HIV infection.

The "fornix white line" (FWL) is a brain abnormality detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in some people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This finding has previously been associated with clinical findings of cognitive disturbance, particularly regarding memory. The current study provides preliminary substantiation of the previously reported clinical finding of FWL-associated memory disturbance through formal psychometric evaluation over time.