Increased Hazard Risk of First Malignancy in Adults with Undetectable Serum IgE: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: The clinical relevance of IgE-deficiency is not established. Previous studies have postulated a relationship between absent serum IgE and the incidence of specific malignancies. We sought to examine the relationship between undetectable total serum IgE (< 3 IU/mL) and first malignancy, considering both general all-cause malignancy risk and risk of specific malignancy subtypes in adult subjects.

Anaphylaxis: Highlights from the practice parameter update.

The practice parameter update on anaphylaxis from the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, with the collaboration of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology and the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, addresses key issues in the management and prevention of anaphylaxis. The updated guidelines define diagnostic criteria for anaphylaxis; therapeutic use of epinephrine, antihistamines, and glucocorticoids; prevention of recurrent anaphylaxis; and follow-up care that includes education on trigger avoidance and use of self-injectable epinephrine.

Suspected food allergies in a septuagenarian with recurrent anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is an acute, life-threatening reaction that can occur due to a variety of triggers. It is often associated with allergen exposure, such as food, venom, or medications; however, there are other less-common causes, and many patients are ultimately classified as idiopathic. In this report, we described a patient with recurrent reactions attributed to food exposure.

Gastrointestinal Involvement in Mast Cell Activation Disorders.

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are commonly reported in patients with mast cell disease. GI involvement in systemic mastocytosis is heterogeneous and symptoms may be caused by infiltration of abnormal mast cells in the GI tract and/or by the downstream effect of mast cell mediators on GI tissues. GI symptoms described the monoclonal mast cell activation syndrome are best characterized in the context of acute anaphylaxis.

Ileal Pouch Biopsy Triggers Investigation and Diagnosis of Systemic Mastocytosis.

We report a unique case of systemic mastocytosis (SM) diagnosed in an ileal pouch biopsy obtained from a 44-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis. She presented with intermittent abdominal pain and watery diarrhea that did not respond to antibiotic therapy. The pouch biopsy showed expansion of the lamina propria by aggregates of CD117 and CD25-positive abnormal mast cells.

Mast cell phenotypes in the allograft after lung transplantation.

Background: The burden of mast cell (MC) infiltration and their phenotypes, MC-tryptase (MCT ) and MC-tryptase/chymase (MCTC ), after lung transplantation (LT) has not been evaluated in human studies.

Methods: We reviewed 20 transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimen from patients with early normal allograft (<6 months post-LT, n=5), late normal allograft (>6 months, n=5), A2 or worse acute cellular rejection (ACR, n=5), and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD, n=5). Slides were immunostained for tryptase and chymase.

Osteogenic differentiation of late-outgrowth CD45-negative endothelial progenitor cells.

Background/aims: Late-outgrowth CD45-negative endothelial colony-forming cells are implicated to be circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), as they express endothelial cell markers and can directly form blood vessels. As these cells share characteristics of other progenitor cell phenotypes, late-outgrowth EPCs were assayed for both multilineage differentiation capability and for markers of pluripotency.

Methods: Clonal single-colony late-outgrowth EPCs were derived from human cord blood and assayed both for multilineage differentiation capability in vitro and for markers of pluripotency by qPCR.

The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update.

These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (JTFPP), representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The AAAAI and ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Objective: To summarize the identified molecular and cellular mechanisms relevant to clinicians evaluating patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES).

Data Sources: Review of relevant peer-reviewed literature.

Study Selections: Studies on the pathogenesis of HES in relation to consensus definitions, disease classification, mechanisms of disease, and diagnosis and treatment are included.

A focused parameter update: hereditary angioedema, acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema.

These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (JTFPP), representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. The AAAAI and the ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "A focused parameter update: Hereditary angioedema, acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

Single nucleotide polymorphism array lesions, TET2, DNMT3A, ASXL1 and CBL mutations are present in systemic mastocytosis.

We hypothesized that analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays (SNP-A) and new molecular defects may provide new insight in the pathogenesis of systemic mastocytosis (SM). SNP-A karyotyping was applied to identify recurrent areas of loss of heterozygosity and bidirectional sequencing was performed to evaluate the mutational status of TET2, DNMT3A, ASXL1, EZH2, IDH1/IDH2 and the CBL gene family. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Mast cell number, phenotype, and function in human pulmonary arterial hypertension.

A proliferation of mast cells around the small pulmonary blood vessels and the alveolar septae has been noted in models of pulmonary hypertension, and in plexiform lesions of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients. Here, we hypothesize that total mast cell numbers and activation are increased in PAH and that they contribute to vascular remodeling through cellular and soluble proangiogenic effectors. To test this, blood and urine were collected from patients with PAH (N=44), asthma (N=18) and healthy controls (N=29) to quantitate biomarkers of total body mast cell numbers and activation (total and mature tryptase, N-methyl histamine, leukotriene LTE(4) and prostaglandin PGD-M).

Allergy blood testing: A practical guide for clinicians.

Blood tests are available that measure levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) against specific allergens such as foods, inhalants, medications, latex, and venoms. These tests can confirm the diagnosis of an allergic disorder, supplementing a clinical history consistent with an immediate allergic reaction. They are particularly useful when skin testing cannot or should not be performed.

Glatiramer acetate: successful desensitization for treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Background: Glatiramer acetate is an immunomodulatory drug that is widely prescribed for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. It is frequently associated with local injection site reactions and generalized urticaria. It is also associated with immediate postinjection systemic reactions in approximately 10% of patients.