Ultra-Processed Food Intake and Risk of Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The objective of this investigation was to compile existing observational research and quantify the potential association between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of insomnia using meta-analysis.

Setting: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases with no restrictions until 29 June 2024. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were aggregated using a random-effects model, while the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Egger's regression asymmetry test assessed study quality and publication bias, respectively.

Effects of plant-based diets combined with exercise training on leptin and adiponectin levels in adults with or without chronic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies.

Background: The effects of exercise training combined with plant-based diets (PBD) on leptin and adiponectin levels have been studied. However, little is known regarding the impact of exercise training combined with PBD on leptin and adiponectin levels in adults with or without chronic diseases.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched to identify original articles, published until May 2024, to assess the effects of exercise training combined with PBD on leptin and adiponectin levels in adults with or without chronic diseases.

The Effects of Exercise Interventions on Ectopic and Subcutaneous Fat in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of exercise training on ectopic and subcutaneous fat in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for original articles published through November 2023 that included exercise versus control interventions on body mass (BM), liver fat percentage, visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and intramuscular fat volume or mass (IMF) in patients with T2DM. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) for liver fat and BM, standardized mean differences (SMDs) for VFA, SFA, and IMF, and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined using random-effects models.

Creatine supplementation protocols with or without training interventions on body composition: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the robust evidence demonstrating positive effects from creatine supplementation (primarily when associated with resistance training) on measures of body composition, there is a lack of a comprehensive evaluation regarding the influence of creatine protocol parameters (including dose and form) on body mass and estimates of fat-free and fat mass.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of creatine supplementation on body composition were included. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to July 2023.

Timing matters? The effects of two different timing of high protein diets on body composition, muscular performance, and biochemical markers in resistance-trained males.

Background: It is unclear whether resistance training in combination with different timing of protein intake might have differential effects on muscle hypertrophy, strength, and performance. Therefore, we compared the effects of 8 weeks of resistance training combined with two different high-protein diet strategies (immediately pre-and after, or 3 h pre and after exercise) in resistance-trained males.

Methods: Forty resistance-trained males (24 ± 4 years) performed 8 weeks of resistance training combined with 2 g kg d protein.

Effects of 8 weeks of resistance training in combination with a high protein diet on body composition, muscular performance, and markers of liver and kidney function in untrained older ex-military men.

Background: The effects of a high protein diet in combination with chronic resistance training (RT) on skeletal muscle adaptation responses in untrained older ex-military men is unknown. Therefore, we compared the effects of 8 weeks of RT in combination with either a high (1.6 g/kg/d) or low protein diet (0.

Increased myocardial dysfunction, dyssynchrony, and epicardial fat across the lifespan in healthy males.

Background: Evaluation of sensitive myocardial mechanics with speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) across the lifespan may reveal early indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and left ventricular (LV) myocardial dyssynchrony; subclinical risk-factors of CVD, are of particular clinical interest. However, the evolution of EAT and LV-dyssynchrony across the lifespan, and their influence on myocardial dysfunction remains unclear.

Left ventricular myocardial dyssynchrony is already present in nondiabetic patients with metabolic syndrome.

The presence of left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a predictor of type 2 diabetes (T2D), lacks clarity. We compared LV dyssynchrony in MetS individuals with and without T2D, and healthy control subjects using speckle-tracking imaging echocardiography. Ninety-two MetS participants (64 without, 28 with T2D) and 40 control subjects underwent echocardiographic and clinical/biological analyses.