Effect of enforcement of the national referral guidelines on patterns of orthopedic admissions to Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya: Pre-post intervention study.

Background: Inappropriate utilization of higher-level health facilities and ineffective management of referral processes in resource-limited settings are becoming increasingly a concern in health care management in developing countries. This is characterized by self-referral and frequent bypassing of the nearest health facilities coupled with low formal referral mechanisms. This scenario lends itself to a situation where uncomplicated medical conditions are unnecessarily managed in a high-cost health facility.

Patterns of facility and patient related factors to the orthopedic and trauma admissions at the Kenyatta National Hospital: A qualitative assessment.

Inappropriate utilization of higher-level health facilities and ineffective management of the referral processes in resource-limited settings is increasingly becoming a concern in health care management in developing countries. This is characterized by self-referrals and frequent bypassing of nearest health facilities coupled with low formal referral mechanisms. This scenario lends itself to a situation where uncomplicated medical conditions are unnecessarily managed in a high-cost health facility.

Patterns of orthopedic and trauma admissions to a tertiary teaching and referral health facility in Kenya: Chart review.

Tertiary hospitals in resource-limited countries should treat referred patients but in reality, are the first level of care for the vast majority of patients. As a result, the tertiary facility effectively functions as a primary health care facility. The urban phenomenon of widespread self-referral is associated with low rates of formal referral from peripheral health facilities.

Knowledge and Beliefs on Osteoporosis among African Postmenopausal Women in a Kenyan Semi-Rural County of Kiambu.

Background: Assessing people's knowledge and beliefs about osteoporosis is fundamental to the formulation of preventive strategies for this condition. To our knowledge, no randomized community survey has been conducted using Facts on Osteoporosis Quiz (FOOQ) and Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS) exclusively in the postmenopausal women in Kenya. This study aimed to assess postmenopausal women's knowledge and beliefs concerning osteoporosis in semirural Kiambu County, Kenya.

Prevalence of osteoporosis and its associated factors among postmenopausal women in Kiambu County, Kenya: a household survey.

Unlabelled: This household survey involved determining the bone mineral density of 254 postmenopausal African women in Kiambu County, Kenya. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 26.4%.

Injection-induced sciatic nerve injury in Ugandan children.

In developing countries, sciatic nerve injury following gluteal intramuscular injection is a persistent problem. A study over 6 months involving 133 children seen in Mulago hospital with acute flaccid paralysis revealed 124 (93%) children with injection-induced sciatic nerve injury. The identity of the drug in 79 cases (59.