Tivozanib Monotherapy in the Frontline Setting for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Favorable Prognosis.

Purpose Of Review: In this review, we discuss which patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may be most suitable for frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy, a treatment option supported by emerging long-term efficacy data including overall survival and quality of life. We specifically focus on tivozanib, a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which has comparable efficacy to other single-agent TKIs in frontline treatment for mRCC while exhibiting fewer off-target side effects.

Recent Findings: Combination therapy with TKIs and checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and CPI/CPI combination therapies, as well as TKI monotherapy are recommended frontline treatment options for mRCC.

Axitinib after Treatment Failure with Sunitinib or Cytokines in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma-Systematic Literature Review of Clinical and Real-World Evidence.

Background: We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify clinical evidence on treatments in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) after the failure of prior therapy with cytokines, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Herein, we summarise the evidence for axitinib in aRCC after the failure of prior therapy with cytokines or sunitinib.

Methods: This SLR was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023492931) and followed the 2020 PRISMA statement and the Cochrane guidelines.

Use of ctDNA in identifying an actionable BRAF mutation in stage 4 metastatic melanoma.

The identification of genetic variants in melanoma has enabled the development of targeted therapies. Under the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance, patients with BRAF V600E variant are eligible for BRAF and MEK inhibitor therapy. For those with advanced or highly symptomatic disease, a rapid response to treatment is often seen.

Touch neurons underlying dopaminergic pleasurable touch and sexual receptivity.

Pleasurable touch is paramount during social behavior, including sexual encounters. However, the identity and precise role of sensory neurons that transduce sexual touch remain unknown. A population of sensory neurons labeled by developmental expression of the G protein-coupled receptor Mrgprb4 detects mechanical stimulation in mice.

Delphi panel for consensus on the optimal management of dabrafenib plus trametinib-related pyrexia in patients with melanoma.

Purpose: Dabrafenib and trametinib combination therapy (dab + tram) is indicated to treat BRAF V600 mutation-positive unresectable/metastatic melanoma and as adjuvant treatment for resected stage III disease. Dab + tram-related pyrexia may require early therapy discontinuation. A modified Delphi panel was conducted to develop consensus on the optimal management of dab + tram-related pyrexia in patients with melanoma.

Improving care of melanoma patients through efficient, integrated cellular-molecular pathology workflows using tissue samples with low tumour nuclear content.

Aims: The aim of this quality improvement project was to improve the turnaround time of B-raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation testing in patients with malignant melanoma to support oncologists in making timely treatment decisions.

Methods: This is a prospective in-house verification of the Idylla BRAF test as compared with DNA panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed at an external laboratory.

Results: The Idylla BRAF test had an overall concordance of 95% compared with NGS.

Acuity and summation strategies differ in vinegar and desert fruit flies.

An animal's vision depends on terrain features that limit the amount and distribution of available light. Approximately 10,000 years ago, vinegar flies () transitioned from a single plant specialist into a cosmopolitan generalist. Much earlier, desert flies () colonized the New World, specializing on rotting cactuses in southwest North America.

Internal State: Dynamic, Interconnected Communication Loops Distributed Across Body, Brain, and Time.

Internal state profoundly alters perception and behavior. For example, a starved fly may approach and consume foods that it would otherwise find undesirable. A socially engaged newt may remain engaged in the presence of a predator, whereas a solitary newt would otherwise attempt to escape.

"That makes all the difference": Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health-seeking on social media.

Issue Addressed: Little is known about the complex relationships between Australian Indigenous people's use of social media and "health-seeking" - seeking help for issues related to health and well-being. This paper has emerged from a broader sociological research project focusing on the help-seeking and help-giving practices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people on social media, specifically aiming to unlock its potential to create vital and creative connections between help-seekers and help-givers.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 52 Indigenous Facebook users from five sites across Australia.

Bend it like Beckham or fix them like Florence-proportional representation of healthcare in New Year honours: an observational study.

Objectives: To compare the proportional representation of healthcare workers in receipt of New Year honours (NYHs) with workers in other industries and to determine whether the NYH system has gender or geographical biases.

Design: Observational study of the UK honours system with a comparative analysis of proportional representation of the UK workforce and subgroup analyses of gender and geographical representations.

Participants: Recipients of NYHs from 2009 to 2018.

Immediate Loading of Unsplinted Implant Retained Mandibular Overdenture: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study.

This clinical study aimed to clinically and radiographically compare the implant survival rate and peri-implant tissue response between immediate and delayed loading protocols for unsplinted implant retained mandibular overdentures. Twenty patients were enrolled to participate in this study. Each subject was randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: test group patients' implants (n = 10), which were immediately loaded, and control group patients' implants (n = 10), which were conventionally loaded.

RNA sequence analysis reveals macroscopic somatic clonal expansion across normal tissues.

How somatic mutations accumulate in normal cells is poorly understood. A comprehensive analysis of RNA sequencing data from ~6700 samples across 29 normal tissues revealed multiple somatic variants, demonstrating that macroscopic clones can be found in many normal tissues. We found that sun-exposed skin, esophagus, and lung have a higher mutation burden than other tested tissues, which suggests that environmental factors can promote somatic mosaicism.

A systematic review of studies comparing conventional complete denture and implant retained overdenture.

Purpose: Several studies reported better outcomes when restoring edentulous mandible with unsplinted IODs compared to CCDs; however, it is not clear if these outcomes remain when the full literature is considered. The aim of this systematic review is to compare conventional complete dentures (CCDs) to unsplinted implant-retained overdentures (IODs) with regard to efficacy, satisfaction and quality of life.

Study Selection: The main question addressed was: How do CCDs compare to unsplinted IODs with regard to efficacy, satisfaction and quality of life? Three databases were electronically searched to identify articles comparing CCD to unsplinted IOD.

The Effect of Fluoride Varnish on Enamel Shear Bond Strength of Pit and Fissure Sealants.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of fluoride varnish on the enamel shear bond strength of pit and fissure sealants.

Methods: Ninety-six teeth were divided into three duplicated test groups: sealant (S)/sealant thermocycle (ST) received Clinpro Sealant only; varnish sealant (VS)/varnish sealant thermocycle (VST) received five percent sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish plus sealant (VPS); and VPS/VPS thermocycle (VPST) received NaF, polish with Clinpro Prophy Paste, plus sealant. One set of each group (ST, VST, VPST) was thermocycled to represent aging, and one set (S, VS, PVS) was not.

A Simplified Technique for Implant-Abutment Level Impression after Soft Tissue Adaptation around Provisional Restoration.

Impression techniques for implant restorations can be implant level or abutment level impressions with open tray or closed tray techniques. Conventional implant-abutment level impression techniques are predictable for maximizing esthetic outcomes. Restoration of the implant traditionally requires the use of the metal or plastic impression copings, analogs, and laboratory components.

An exploration of the word 'palliative' in the 19th century: searching the BMJ archives for clues.

Background: Palliative care went through a significant evolution in the 20th century, but the 19th century has been seen my some scholars as the real turning point toward the more modern concept of hospices and palliative care.

Methods: To investigate some examples of earlier uses of the word 'palliative', a literature search was conducted within the earliest available BMJ archive sections, the years 1840 to 1842. This provided a glimpse into how the word was used in the medical literature in Victorian times, mid-nineteenth century.

The Triservice Anaesthetic Apparatus: a review.

The Triservice Anaesthetic Apparatus was designed around 30 years ago as a robust and highly portable anaesthesia delivery system for medical support to airborne operations and it has been the core anaesthesia system for the Defence Medical Services since then. Over this period there have been a number of equipment changes but issues remain which are in part mitigated by recent training developments. This article reviews these changes and developments and considers the future of this equipment.

Simulation, human factors and defence anaesthesia.

Simulation in healthcare has come a long way since it's beginnings in the 1960s. Not only has the sophistication of simulator design increased, but the educational concepts of simulation have become much clearer. One particularly important area is that of non-technical skills (NTS) which has been developed from similar concepts in the aviation and nuclear industries.

Recruitment, development, and retention of dental faculty in a changing environment.

The scarcity of full-time clinical faculty members in dental schools across the country is a major crisis confronting dentistry. Dental schools are experiencing critical faculty shortages and are struggling to maintain appropriate faculty to student ratios. The adage of "doing more with less" applies, in many ways, to dental schools and their mission of educating future dentists.

A simple chest drain gone wrong: a near miss!

This is a case of a 45-year-old woman, with known alcoholic liver disease who presented with a large right-sided pleural effusion. A pleural tap was performed followed by insertion of an intercostal drain. 7 litres were drained over 4 h and only 300 ml of 20% albumin were administered with the patient becoming acutely short of breath and requiring admission to the intensive treatment unit due to the development of the known and recognised complication of re-expansion pulmonary oedema.

Continuous transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block catheters in a combat surgical environment.

Objectives: The ongoing conflict in Afghanistan continues to generate a large number of complex trauma injuries and provides unique challenges to military anesthetists working in forward field hospitals. We report successful use of ultrasound-guided continuous transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in two Afghan war casualties who sustained major trauma with coagulopathy. The use of bilateral continuous TAP blocks following major thoracoabdominal trauma in a combat environment is unique in the literature.

A rare complication with a single dose of alendronate.

The authors present a case of an 84-year-old patient who presented to the emergency department with sudden onset abdominal pain radiating to the neck. The patient's medication included warfarin, and alendronate, which was started by the general practitioner 2 days prior to presentation. Initial systemic examination and investigations, including chest x-ray, were unremarkable.