Proposing Clinicopathological Staging and Mitotic Count as Prognostic Factors for Canine Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of malignant mesenchymal tumors with similar histological features and biological behaviors. They are characterized by a low to moderate local recurrence rate and low metastasis, affecting approximately 20% of patients. Although this tumor set is vital in veterinary medicine, no previous unified staging system or mitotic count has been associated with patient prognosis.

NMR characterization of structure and moisture sorption dynamics of damaged starch granules.

Among the many biopolymers that constitute food products, starch is one of the most common. Starch granules are often damaged in the milling process, which affects the final product quality, mainly due to changes in water adsorption properties. In this work, the crystallinity degree of wheat starch samples as a function of the mechanical damage is determined by low field H NMR.

Discrimination of PHIP Signals Through their Evolution in Multipulse Sequences.

The antiphase character of the PHIP associated signals after a hydrogenation reaction is particularly sensitive to line broadening introduced by magnetic field inhomogeneities and interferences by the presence of resonance lines steaming from a large amount of thermally polarized spins. These obstacles impose a limitation in the detection of reaction products as well as in the experimental setups. A simple way to overcome these impediments consists of acquiring the signal with a train of refocusing pulses instead of a single r.

Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics.

Human skin is populated by various microorganisms, the so-called microbiota, such as bacteria, viruses, yeasts, fungi, and archaea. The skin microbiota is in constant contact with the surrounding environment which can alter its eubiotic state. Recently it has been also observed that the application of cosmetic products can alter the balance of the skin microbiota.

A Comparative in Silico Analysis of CD24's Prognostic Value in Human and Canine Prostate Cancer.

CD24 is a cell surface molecule anchored by glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol and expressed by different human cancers, including prostate cancer (PC). Some studies have demonstrated that CD24 expression is associated with poor patient outcome; however, few studies have investigated CD24 expression in spontaneous animal models of human PC, such as canine PC. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CD24 in human PC using the in silico analysis of the data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and comparing it with the previously published prostatic canine transcriptome data.

Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms.

Black point is a fungal disease of wheat, mainly associated with mycotoxigenic species. Affected wheat kernels are characterized by dark brown discolouration of the embryo region and reduction of grain quality. Potential risk is the possible accumulation of mycotoxins, alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TA), and altenuene (ALT), provided by haemato-toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities.

The Presence of a High Peak Feature Within Low-Average Shear Stimuli Induces Quiescence in Venous Endothelial Cells.

Wall shear stress (WSS) is an important stimulus in vascular remodelling and vascular lesion development. The current methods to assess and predict the risk associated with specific unsteady WSS consider the WSS mean values or the presence of reverse phases described by the oscillatory shear index. Recent evidence has shown that the accuracy of these methods is limited, especially with respect to the venous environment.

Carbon-13 dynamic nuclear polarization in diamond via a microwave-free integrated cross effect.

Color-center-hosting semiconductors are emerging as promising source materials for low-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at or near room temperature, but hyperfine broadening, susceptibility to magnetic field heterogeneity, and nuclear spin relaxation induced by other paramagnetic defects set practical constraints difficult to circumvent. Here, we explore an alternate route to color-center-assisted DNP using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond coupled to substitutional nitrogen impurities, the so-called P1 centers. Working near the level anticrossing condition-where the P1 Zeeman splitting matches one of the NV spin transitions-we demonstrate efficient microwave-free C DNP through the use of consecutive magnetic field sweeps and continuous optical excitation.

Tumor-infiltrating CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and macrophages are associated with prognostic factors in triple-negative canine mammary complex type carcinoma.

This study aimed to evaluate the association of CD3, CD4, and CD8 T cells and tumor-infiltrating macrophages (TIMs) with the clinical parameters of female dogs harboring mammary gland tumors. Thirty female dogs affected with mammary carcinomas were used, and all tumors were histologically classified as complex carcinoma and were triple-negative phenotype determined by immunohistochemistry. Freshly frozen sections were used to determine CD3, CD4 and CD8 T cells by immunohistochemistry, and TIMs were determined by immunofluorescence assays.

Long-Term Survival of a Cat with Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Urinary Bladder.

Primary bladder leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed in a four-year-old, mixed-breed, spayed female cat that presented with lethargy, stranguria, polyuria, hematuria, urinary incontinence and abdominal sensitivity. On abdominal ultrasound, the urinary bladder was observed to have a preserved anatomical position and a hyperechoic mass. The mass measured approximately 1.

Influence of solvent and a supplementary step with a finishing instrument on filling material removal from canals connected by an isthmus.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a solvent (eucalyptol) in improving filling material removal from canals connected by isthmuses, and the additional cleaning effect of a finishing instrument.

Methodology: The mesial canals from 32 mandibular molars (Vertucci's type II morphology) were instrumented and filled with the single-cone technique using Reciproc R25 gutta-percha points (VDW, Munich, Germany) combined with Sealer 26 (Dentsply, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil). Each root was then subjected to retreatment using the Mtwo instrument system (VDW), with or without a solvent (n = 16 per group).

Probing numerical Laplace inversion methods for two and three-site molecular exchange between interconnected pore structures.

Two-dimension (2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry experiments are a powerful tool extensively used to probe the interaction among different pore structures, mostly in inorganic systems. The analysis of the collected experimental data generally consists of a 2D numerical inversion of time-domain data where T-T maps are generated. Through the years, different algorithms for the numerical inversion have been proposed.

Towards the Identification of Hemodynamic Parameters Involved in Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation and Failure: A Review.

Native arteriovenous fistulas have a high failure rate mainly due to the lack of maturation and uncontrolled neo-intimal hyperplasia development. Newly established hemodynamics is thought to be central in driving the fistula fate, after surgical creation. To investigate the effects of realistic wall shear stress stimuli on endothelial cells, an in vitro approach is necessary in order to reduce the complexity of the in vivo environment.

Hh/Gli antagonist in acute myeloid leukemia with CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion gene.

Background: CBFA2T3-GLIS2 is a fusion gene found in 17% of non-Down syndrome acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (non-DS AMKL, FAB M7) and in 8% of pediatric cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML, in association with several French-American-British (FAB) subtypes). Children with AML harboring this aberration have a poor outcome, regardless of the FAB subtype. This fusion gene drives a peculiar expression pattern and leads to overexpression of some of Hedgehog-related genes.

The molecular mechanisms of hemodialysis vascular access failure.

The arteriovenous fistula has been used for more than 50 years to provide vascular access for patients undergoing hemodialysis. More than 1.5 million patients worldwide have end stage renal disease and this population will continue to grow.

Design of a cone-and-plate device for controlled realistic shear stress stimulation on endothelial cell monolayers.

Endothelial cells are constantly exposed to blood flow and the resulting frictional force, the wall shear stress, varies in magnitude and direction with time, depending on vasculature geometry. Previous studies have shown that the structure and function of endothelial cells, and ultimately of the vessel wall, are deeply affected by the nature of wall shear stress waveforms. To investigate the in vitro effects of these stimuli, we developed a compact, programmable, real-time operated system based on cone-and-plate geometry, that can be used within a standard cell incubator.

Magnetic resonance imaging of (1)H long lived states derived from parahydrogen induced polarization in a clinical system.

Hyperpolarization is a powerful tool to overcome the low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). However, applications are limited due to the short lifetime of this non equilibrium spin state caused by relaxation processes. This issue can be addressed by storing hyperpolarization in slowly decaying singlet spin states which was so far mostly demonstrated for non-proton spin pairs, e.

Endothelial cell activation by hemodynamic shear stress derived from arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis access.

Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is the first cause of failure of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects on endothelial cells (ECs) of shear stress waveforms derived from AVF areas prone to develop IH. We used a cone-and-plate device to obtain real-time control of shear stress acting on EC cultures.

Transient abnormal myelopoiesis in a phenotypically normal newborn with polyclonal trisomy 21.

We report a rare case of transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) in a phenotypically normal neonate. The presence of a palpable hepatomegaly prompted in-depth laboratory tests, which revealed the presence of severe hyperleukocytosis, with blast cells present in a peripheral blood smear. Although no signs of Down syndrome were present, we suspected TAM.

MYCN is a novel oncogenic target in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

MYCN is an oncogene frequently overexpressed in pediatric solid tumors whereas few evidences suggest his involvement in the pathogenesis of haematologic malignancies. Here we show that MYCN is overexpressed in a relevant proportion (40 to 50%) of adult and pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALL). Focusing on pediatric T-ALL, MYCN-expressing samples were found almost exclusively in the TAL1-positive subgroup.

Hyperpolarized 1H long lived states originating from parahydrogen accessed by rf irradiation.

Hyperpolarization has found many applications in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). However, its usage is still limited to the observation of relatively fast processes because of its short lifetimes. This issue can be circumvented by storing the hyperpolarization in a slowly relaxing singlet state.

Parahydrogen Induced polarization by homogeneous catalysis: theory and applications.

The alignment of the nuclear spins in parahydrogen can be transferred to other molecules by a homogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation reaction resulting in dramatically enhanced NMR signals. In this chapter we introduce the involved theoretical concepts by two different approaches: the well known, intuitive population approach and the more complex but more complete density operator formalism. Furthermore, we present two interesting applications of PHIP employing homogeneous catalysis.

Cannabinoid receptors are widely expressed in goldfish: molecular cloning of a CB2-like receptor and evaluation of CB1 and CB2 mRNA expression profiles in different organs.

Cannabinoids, the bioactive constituents of Cannabis sativa, and endocannabinoids, among which the most important are anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, control various biological processes by binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors, namely CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. While a vast amount of information on the mammalian endocannabinoid system does exist, few data have been reported on bony fish. In the goldfish, Carassius auratus, the CB1 receptor has been cloned and its distribution has been analyzed in the retina, brain and gonads, while CB2 had not yet been isolated.

High resolution para-hydrogen induced polarization in inhomogeneous magnetic fields.

The application of parahydrogen for the generation of hyperpolarization has increased continuously during the last years. When the chemical reaction is carried out at the same field as the NMR experiment (PASADENA protocol) an antiphase signal is obtained, with a separation of the resonance lines of a few Hz. This imposes a stringent limit to the homogeneity of the magnetic field in order to avoid signal cancellation.