[Osteomyelitis of the lower jaw].

Background: Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis is an inflammatory bone disorder that may affect children and adolescents. Infections, malignancy and other differential diagnoses require consideration. Osteomyelitis of the jaw is a rare condition, but non-bacterial osteomyelitis is probably more common than previously thought, also in the mandible.

Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines and chemokines in children with Lyme neuroborreliosis; pattern and diagnostic utility.

Background: Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is characterized by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammation with several cytokines/chemokines and B-lymphocytes. Clinically, LNB in children may be difficult to discriminate from non-Lyme aseptic meningitis (NLAM). We aimed to identify CSF cytokine/chemokine patterns in children with LNB, NLAM and controls and elucidate the diagnostic value of these cytokines/chemokines alone or in combination to discriminate between LNB and NLAM.

The B-lymphocyte chemokine CXCL13 in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with Lyme neuroborreliosis: associations with clinical and laboratory variables.

The B-lymphocyte chemokine CXCL13 is increasingly considered as a useful early phase diagnostic marker of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). However, the large variation in level of CXCL13 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) observed in LNB patients is still unexplained. We aimed to identify factors associated with the level of CXCL13 in children with LNB, possibly improving the interpretation of CXCL13 as a diagnostic marker of LNB.

Detection and characterization of group A rotaviruses in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Norway, 2006-2008.

To assess the genetic diversity of rotavirus strains in Norway, the distribution of rotavirus genotypes was studied in children admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis. The detection of rotavirus in stool samples was compared using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), an immunochromatographic test and RT-PCR. Children <5 years of age admitted to hospital with diarrhea in three large hospitals were enrolled prospectively from March 2006 to February 2008.

Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Norway: analysis of prospective surveillance and hospital registry data.

We aimed to evaluate rotavirus morbidity and describe rotavirus epidemiology in hospitalized children in Norway to provide information before the introduction of new rotavirus vaccines. We retrospectively reviewed 14,973 gastroenteritis hospitalizations in children aged <5 y for the period 1995 to 2004, and prospectively surveyed for rotavirus in 311 children aged <5 y admitted with diarrhoea to 3 hospitals in 2006-2008. The proportion of rotavirus among all gastroenteritis hospitalizations was estimated at 14.