Chewing patterns in horses during the intake of variable quantities of two pelleted compound feeds differing in their physical characteristics only.

Pelleted feeds (PF) are popular in horse nutrition because of high palatability and improved feeding hygiene, but ingestion is faster for PF than for cereals or muesli feed. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether variable amounts of two PFs produced with different physical properties from the same batch of feed can affect feed intake patterns in horses. Chewing patterns were measured in six warmblood mares (519 ± 36.

Micro-computed tomography and histologic evaluation of the interface of hydrogel expander and underlying bone: influence of pressure distributors on bone resorption.

Purpose: Tissue expanders lead to changes in the underlying bone and can cause bone resorption. We investigated whether the insertion of mechanical devices that distribute the load on the bone can influence these effects.

Materials And Methods: A total of 28 Lewis rats were assigned to 1 of 4 groups.

Neurotropic action of androgens: principles, mechanisms and novel targets.

The importance of androgen signaling is well recognized for numerous aspects of central nervous system (CNS) function, ranging from sex-specific organization of neuroendocrine and behavioral circuits to adaptive capacity, resistance and repair. Nonetheless, concepts for the therapeutic use of androgens in neurological and mental disorders are far from being established. This review outlines some critical issues which interfere with decisions on the suitability of androgens as therapeutic agents for CNS conditions.