Microcomputed tomographic analysis of the trabecular and cortical architecture of the proximal femur and hip bone of cats and small breed dogs.

This study aims to provide an initial database to gain more detailed knowledge of the trabecular and cortical bone structure of pelvic and femur bones in cats and smaller dogs. Additionally, the bony microarchitecture between cats and smaller dogs was compared to identify possible differences between those species. These findings could potentially improve the development of non-cemented total hip replacement (THR).

In Vivo Investigation of 3D-Printed Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Wedges in Partial Load Defects.

Bone substitutes are ideally biocompatible, osteoconductive, degradable and defect-specific and provide mechanical stability. Magnesium phosphate cements (MPCs) offer high initial stability and faster degradation compared to the well-researched calcium phosphate cements (CPCs). Calcium magnesium phosphate cements (CMPCs) should combine the properties of both and have so far shown promising results.

In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect.

The magnesium alloy LAE442 showed promising results as a bone substitute in numerous studies in non-weight bearing bone defects. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo behavior of wedge-shaped open-pored LAE442 scaffolds modified with two different coatings (magnesium fluoride (MgF, group 1)) or magnesium fluoride/calcium phosphate (MgF/CaP, group 2)) in a partial weight-bearing rabbit tibia defect model. The implantation of the scaffolds was performed as an open wedge corrective osteotomy in the tibia of 40 rabbits and followed for observation periods of 6, 12, 24, and 36 weeks.

Comparison of degradation behavior and osseointegration of 3D powder-printed calcium magnesium phosphate cement scaffolds with alkaline or acid post-treatment.

Due to the positive effects of magnesium substitution on the mechanical properties and the degradation rate of the clinically well-established calcium phosphate cements (CPCs), calcium magnesium phosphate cements (CMPCs) are increasingly being researched as bone substitutes. A post-treatment alters the materials' physical properties and chemical composition, reinforcing the structure and modifying the degradation rate. By alkaline post-treatment with diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP, (NH)HPO), the precipitation product struvite is formed, while post-treatment with an acidic phosphate solution [e.

Effect of pore size on tissue ingrowth and osteoconductivity in biodegradable Mg alloy scaffolds.

Magnesium has mechanical properties similar to those of bone and is being considered as a potential bone substitute. In the present study, two different pore sized scaffolds of the Mg alloy LAE442, coated with magnesium fluoride, were compared. The scaffolds had interconnecting pores of either 400 (p400) or 500 µm (p500).

The cat as a small dog?-Comparison of trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture of radius and ulna in cats and small dogs using microcomputed tomography.

The forearms of dogs and cats do not only differ anatomically from each other, but there are also differences in prevalence of radius and ulna fractures between the two species. The prevalence of antebrachial fractures is 18.0% in dogs and 2.

Comparative microcomputed tomographic structural analysis of the trabecular and cortical bone architecture of radius and ulna in toy dog breeds.

Radius and ulna fractures can be detected in dogs with an incidence of 18.0% and occur more frequently in toy breeds with increased complication rates. The reasons for the predisposition and the increased complication rate of antebrachial fractures in toy breeds are not yet fully understood.

In-Vivo Degradation Behavior and Osseointegration of 3D Powder-Printed Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds.

Calcium magnesium phosphate cements (CMPCs) are promising bone substitutes and experience great interest in research. Therefore, in-vivo degradation behavior, osseointegration and biocompatibility of three-dimensional (3D) powder-printed CMPC scaffolds were investigated in the present study. The materials Mg225 (CaMg(PO)) and Mg225d (Mg225 treated with diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP)) were implanted as cylindrical scaffolds (h = 5 mm, Ø = 3.

Comparison of two pore sizes of LAE442 scaffolds and their effect on degradation and osseointegration behavior in the rabbit model.

The magnesium alloy LAE442 emerged as a possible bioresorbable bone substitute over a decade ago. In the present study, using the investment casting process, scaffolds of the Magnesium (Mg) alloy LAE442 with two different and defined pore sizes, which had on average a diameter of 400 μm (p400) and 500 μm (p500), were investigated to evaluate degradation and osseointegration in comparison to a ß-TCP control group. Open-pored scaffolds were implanted in both greater trochanter of rabbits.

Fiber-based fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) as a novel multiplex serodiagnostic tool for simultaneous detection and differentiation of all clinically relevant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotypes.

The recent emergence of fowl aviadenovirus (FAdV) induced disease outbreaks in chicken flocks worldwide, with distinct aetiologies confined to particular FAdV species and serotypes, is increasingly urging the need for specific and mass-applicable antibody screening systems. Despite this exigency, there are to date no available serological procedures which satisfactorily combine the criteria for sensitive detection of antibodies against FAdVs, diagnostic reliability in face of cross-reactions and requirements for a rapid and large-scale application. In order to address this gap, a multiplexed fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) based on recombinant FAdV fiber proteins from six different serotypes FAdV-1, -2, -4, -8a, -8b and -11 was developed, which enabled simultaneous detection of antibodies against all clinically relevant serotypes in a single reaction within a high throughput setting.

Development of sensitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for specific detection of antibodies against fowl adenovirus serotypes 1 and 4 in chickens.

Conventional serological methods for detection and differentiation of antibodies against fowl aviadenoviruses (FAdVs) are laborious and time-consuming, therefore ELISAs based upon recombinant proteins were developed in the present study to overcome this limitation for clinically relevant serotypes FAdV-1 and FAdV-4. In order to develop serotype-specific ELISAs, the two distinct fibers, fiber-1 (fib-1) and fiber-2 (fib-2), characteristically present only in FAdV-1 and FAdV-4, were applied separately as coating antigens. Sera raised against each recombinant fib-1 and fib-2 of FAdV-1 and FAdV-4 did not react with any of the heterologous fiber ELISAs, as anticipated by the low degree of amino acid identity between those FAdV fibers (23.