Predictors for Long COVID and Differences in Long COVID Symptoms, Findings on Chest Imaging and Pulmonary Function between Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with versus without Intensive Care Unit Admission.

Introduction: Many COVID-19 survivors suffer from persisting sequelae after acute disease. This is referred to as long COVID. The objectives of this study were to assess factors associated with long COVID and to analyze differences in persistent symptoms, findings on chest imaging, and pulmonary function between intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU hospitalized patients.

High Protein Oral Nutritional Supplements Enable the Majority of Cancer Patients to Meet Protein Intake Recommendations during Systemic Anti-Cancer Treatment: A Randomised Controlled Parallel-Group Study.

ESPEN guidelines recommend a minimum protein intake of 1.0 g/kg body weight (BW) per day to maintain or restore lean body mass in patients with cancer. During anti-cancer treatment, optimal protein intake is difficult to achieve.

Benefit of Concurrent Versus Sequential Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients With Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the largest cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Eighty-five percent of patients is diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Almost a third of patients is aged over 75, but this group is poorly represented in clinical trials.

Adjuvant Treatment Following Irradical Resection of Stage I-III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Population-based Study.

Irradical (R1-2) resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with a dismal prognosis. Adjuvant treatment attempts to improve survival outcomes, but evidence on the optimal strategy is limited. The purpose of this study was to compare overall survival (OS) between different adjuvant treatment strategies in these patients.

Randomized phase III study of docetaxel versus docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib in patients with relapsed non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Background: Earlier preclinical and phase II research showed enhanced effect of docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib. The NVALT-18 phase III study was designed to compare docetaxel with docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib in relapsed metastasized non-squamous (NSQ) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with relapsed Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) wild type (WT) NSQ-NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to docetaxel 75 mg/m intravenously on day 1 every 21 days (control), or docetaxel 75 mg/m intravenously on day 1 plus erlotinib 150 mg/day orally on day 2-16 every 21 days (experimental arm).

Development and Evaluation of a Real-World Outcomes-Based Tool to Support Informed Clinical Decision Making in the Palliative Treatment of Patients With Metastatic NSCLC.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a tool for patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer and their thoracic oncologists (TOs) that provides insight into real-world effectiveness of systemic treatments to support informed clinical decision making in the palliative setting.

Methods: A participatory design approach was used to acquire insights from patients and TOs into preferences regarding the content and design of the web-based tool. Implementation was investigated by means of an adoption and usage rate.

Prediction of Microscopic Metastases in Patients with Metachronous Oligo-Metastases after Curative Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Microsimulation Study.

Metachronous oligo-metastatic disease is variably defined as one to five metastases detected after a disease-free interval and treatment of the primary tumour with curative intent. Oligo-metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are often treated with curative intent. However additional metastases are often detected later in time, and the 5-year survival is low.

Real-world outcomes versus clinical trial results of immunotherapy in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Netherlands.

This study aims to assess how clinical outcomes of immunotherapy in real-world (effectiveness) correspond to outcomes in clinical trials (efficacy) and to look into factors that might explain an efficacy-effectiveness (EE) gap. All patients diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2015-2018 in six Dutch large teaching hospitals (Santeon network) were identified and followed-up from date of diagnosis until death or end of data collection. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from first-line (1L) pembrolizumab and second-line (2L) nivolumab were compared with clinical trial data by calculating hazard ratios (HRs).

Evaluation of Serum Biomarker CEA and Ca-125 as Immunotherapy Response Predictors in Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: Treatment options for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) include immunotherapy. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 125 (Ca-125) levels are associated with poorer prognoses of resected NSCLC, but currently no predictive biomarkers exist for immunotherapy response. This study evaluated CEA and Ca-125 as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy efficiency in patients with metastatic NSCLC.

'Care for Outcomes': systematic development of a set of outcome indicators to improve patient-relevant outcomes for patients with lung cancer.

Objectives: Measuring quality of care is important, however many of the quality indicators used do not focus on outcome of treatment and aspects which are valuable for patients and physicians. The project 'Care for Outcomes' aims to establish a relevant set of outcome indicators for lung cancer.

Setting: Network of seven large, non-university teaching hospitals in the Netherlands (Santeon).

Cost-Effectiveness of Surveillance Scanning Strategies after Curative Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: After curative treatment of primary non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), patients undergo intensive surveillance with the aim to detect recurrences from the primary tumor or metachronous second primary lung cancer as early as possible and improve overall survival. However, the benefit of surveillance is debated. Available evidence is of low quality and conflicting.

Systematic evaluation of the efficacy-effectiveness gap of systemic treatments in extensive disease small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess how clinical outcomes in real-world (effectiveness) correspond to the outcomes in clinical trials (efficacy) of systemic treatments for extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED SCLC).

Methods: All patients diagnosed with ED SCLC between 2008 and 2014 in six Dutch large teaching hospitals (Santeon network) were identified and followed-up from date of diagnosis until death or end of data collection. For every patient, an efficacy-effectiveness factor (EE factor) was calculated by dividing individual patients' overall survival (OS) by the pooled median OS assessed from clinical trials with the respective treatment.

Effects of a time out consultation with the general practitioner on cancer treatment decision-making: a randomised controlled trial: Time out with the general practitioner and cancer treatment decision.

Objective: Improving shared decision-making (SDM) enables more tailored cancer treatment decisions. We evaluated a Time Out consultation (TOC) with the general practitioner (GP), between cancer diagnosis and treatment decision, which aims at supporting SDM and improving continuity of primary care. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a TOC on perceived SDM, information provision and self-efficacy.

Predicting Incomplete Resection in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Preoperatively: A Validated Nomogram.

Background: Patients who are surgically treated for stage I to III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have dismal prognosis after incomplete (R1-R2) resection. Our study aimed to develop a prediction model to estimate the chance of incomplete resection based on preoperative patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related factors.

Methods: From a Dutch national cancer database, NSCLC patients who had surgical treatment without neoadjuvant therapy were selected.

Efficacy of Ibandronate Loading Dose on Rapid Pain Relief in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Cancer Induced Bone Pain: The NVALT-9 Trial.

Approximately 80% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with bone metastases have cancer induced bone pain (CIBP). The NVALT-9 was an open-label, single arm, phase II, multicenter study. Main inclusion criterion: bone metastasized NSCLC patients with uncontrolled CIBP [brief pain inventory [BPI] ≥ 5 over last 7 days].

Trends in Drug Costs and Overall Survival in Patients with Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in The Netherlands Diagnosed from 2008 Through 2014.

Background: The Value-Based Health Care concept defines patient value as patient-relevant outcomes divided by costs. The aim of the present study was to assess the development of systemic treatment costs over the years compared with changes in overall survival (OS) at the level of a diagnosis of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: All patients diagnosed (in 2008-2014) with stage IV NSCLC and treated with systemic treatment in six Dutch large teaching hospitals (Santeon network) were included.

Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer.

Objective: Clinical outcome data on patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED SCLC) treated in routine practice is limited. The aim of this retrospective study is to present data on treatment patterns and survival in an unselected patient population with ED SCLC.

Methods: All patients diagnosed with ED SCLC between 2008 and 2014 in six Dutch large teaching hospitals (Santeon network) were included.

Cost-effectiveness of stereotactic body radiation therapy versus video assisted thoracic surgery in medically operable stage I non-small cell lung cancer: A modeling study.

Objectives: Stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be treated with either Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) or Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) resection. To support decision making, not only the impact on survival needs to be taken into account, but also on quality of life, costs and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing SBRT to VATS resection with respect to quality adjusted life years (QALY) lived and costs in operable stage I NSCLC.

Comparing survival predicted by the diagnosis-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (DS-GPA) to actual survival in patients with 1-10 brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery.

Background And Purpose: Multiple prognostic models for predicting survival after treatment for brain metastases have been developed. One of them, the diagnosis-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (DS-GPA), has been developed to predict the median survival for brain metastases from the most frequent primary sites: lung carcinoma, breast cancer, melanoma, renal cell cancer and gastrointestinal tumours. In this study we aim to compare the survival predicted by the DS-GPA to actual survival, and to assess this models performance on both population and individual levels.

Patient-reported Outcomes After the Treatment of Early Stage Non-small-cell Lung Cancer With Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Compared With Surgery.

Introduction: As there is increasing evidence for comparable survival after either stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) or surgery for patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), treatment impact on the quality of life (QoL) is essential for well-informed decision-making. Our previous work evaluated health utility between surgery and SBRT in stage I NSCLC. The aim of this secondary analysis is to directly compare QoL in the first year after SBRT and surgery.

Needs with Regard to Decision Support Systems for Treating Patients with Incurable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Treatment decision-making for patients with incurable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complex due to the rapidly increasing number of treatments and discovery of new biomarkers. Decision support systems (DSS) could assist thoracic oncologists (TO) weighing of the pros and cons of treatments in order to arrive at an evidence-based and personalized treatment advice. Our aim is to inventory (1) TO's needs with regard to DSS in the treatment of incurable (stage IIIB/IV) NSCLC patients, and (2) preferences regarding the development of future tools in this field.

Recurrent Episodes of Nivolumab-Induced Pneumonitis after Nivolumab Discontinuation and the Time Course of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels: A Case of a 58-Year-Old Woman with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Introduction: The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors heralded a new era in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. However, nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, can cause serious adverse events that are mostly autoimmune related.

Case Presentation: A 58-year-old woman was treated with nivolumab as second-line therapy for stage IV adenocarcinoma.