Urinary metabolomic markers of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in newborn rats.

Background: Aminoglycoside exposure is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Delay in the diagnosis of AKI using conventional biomarkers has been one of the important obstacles in applying early effective interventions. We tested the hypothesis that urinary metabolomics could identify novel early biomarkers for toxic renal injury.

Antioxidant status of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

The production of free radicals can cause renal injury and play an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Markers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated in 48 patients with active nephrotic syndrome (ANS) and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy children. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, nitrite, copper, zinc, selenium, ascorbic acid, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were estimated in patients with ANS and controls.

Dialysis-associated peritonitis in children.

Peritonitis remains a frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis in children and is the most common reason for technique failure. The microbiology is characterized by a predominance of Gram-positive organisms, with fungi responsible for less than 5% of episodes. Data collected by the International Pediatric Peritonitis Registry have revealed a worldwide variation in the bacterial etiology of peritonitis, as well as in the rate of culture-negative peritonitis.