Background: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are key soil organisms and their extensive hyphae create a unique hyphosphere associated with microbes actively involved in N cycling. However, the underlying mechanisms how AMF and hyphae-associated microbes may cooperate to influence NO emissions from "hot spot" residue patches remain unclear. Here we explored the key microbes in the hyphosphere involved in NO production and consumption using amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing.
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