The adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics in the non-surgical and surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the additional benefits of the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics in the non-surgical and surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search following the population, intervention, comparison, outcome and study design framework was conducted across the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase and Web of Science databases. The primary outcome was probing depth reduction, and the secondary outcomes were bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, radiographic bone level changes, suppuration and clinical success.

Collagen Matrix for Increasing Peri-implant Mucosal Thickness in Smokers: A Prospective Case Series.

This prospective case series aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a volume collagen matrix for soft tissue augmentation to increase mucosal thickness in single implants in smokers who consume more than 10 cigarettes per day. Participants had single submerged implants necessitating soft tissue thickening. Soft tissue augmentation was done using a collagen matrix in the second-stage surgery.

Association of Peri-Implant Mucosa Dimensions With Emergence Profile Angles of the Implant Prosthesis.

Objectives: The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between prosthesis design and peri-implant mucosa dimensions and morphology. The secondary aim was to investigate associations between mucosal dimensions and the presence of mucositis.

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven patients with 103 posterior bone level implants underwent clinical and radiographic examination, including cone beam computer tomography and intraoral optical scanning.

In vivo experimental study comparing alveolar ridge preservation versus guided bone regeneration after unassisted socket healing at intact and damaged sites in narrow alveolar ridges.

Background: To compare bone regeneration and dimensional alteration of alveolar ridge at intact and damaged extraction sockets after alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) and implant placement versus unassisted socket healing followed by guided bone regeneration (GBR) with simultaneous implant placement.

Methods: In 6 beagle dogs, 3 types of extraction sockets in the mandible were created: (1) intact sockets, (2) 1-wall defect sockets and (3) 2-wall defect sockets. The sockets were allocated to undergo either (1) ARP and implant placement 8 weeks later (ARP group) or (2) GBR with simultaneous implant placement after 8 weeks of unassisted socket healing (GBR group).

Two-Step Periosteal Releasing Incision for Tension-Free Flap Closure After Implant Placement With Simultaneous Guided Bone Regeneration.

We evaluated the effect of periosteal-releasing incisions on flap displacement in anterior maxillary sites following implant placement and simultaneously guided bone regeneration. Thirty patients, each requiring a single dental implant and guided bone regeneration in the maxillary esthetic zone, were recruited. After full-thickness flap elevation, the displacement of the flap was measured under a standardized tension of 1 Ncm.

The distance of insertion points from wound margins in interrupted and vertical mattress sutures influences the tensile load capacity: An in vitro experimental study.

Aim: To determine the tensile load capacity (TLC) and the tearing characteristics for interrupted and vertical mattress sutures with different insertion points from the wound margin, and the effect of the bite size when using vertical mattress sutures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 gingiva and lining mucosa samples obtained from pig jaws were divided into groups according to the suturing technique (interrupted and vertical mattress sutures), distance of the insertion points from the wound margin (margin, 1, 3, and 5 mm) and bite size (1, 3, and 5 mm). The TLC of the suture and the tearing characteristics were evaluated using a tensile tester device.

Immediate loading on two adjacent single dental implants with definitive nonsplinted restorations: A proof of concept in the posterior zone.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical, clinician- and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of two adjacent single posterior implants immediately loaded with definitive single crowns up to 1 year. Ten patients in need of two adjacent posterior single implants were included. All implants were placed applying a fully digital workflow.

Alveolar ridge changes 1-year after early implant placement, with or without alveolar ridge preservation at single-implant sites in the aesthetic region: A secondary analysis of radiographic and profilometric outcomes from a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess both the radiographic and profilometric outcomes of early implant placement with or without alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) (using two different ARP techniques) after 1 year of loading.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five patients with a failing single tooth in the anterior maxilla were randomly allocated to three groups (1:1:1): (a) ARP using demineralized bovine bone mineral containing 10% collagen (DBBM-C) covered by a collagen matrix (CM), (b) ARP using DBBM-C covered with a palatal graft (PG), and (c) unassisted socket healing (control). Eight weeks after tooth extraction, early implant placement was performed in all patients.

Pilot Study: Periosteal Mattress Sutures as an Alternative to Pins and Screws in Guided Bone Regeneration in the Esthetic Zone.

Objectives: To quantify the buccal bone thickness, area, and perimeter following guided bone regeneration (GBR) using stabilizing periosteal sutures. The loss in hard tissue volume may impair proper implant placement. GBR has been used to regenerate the lost alveolar ridge prior to or at the same time as dental implant placement.

Epidemiology of mid-buccal gingival recessions according to the 2018 Classification System in South America: Results from two population-based studies.

Aim: The aim of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence, severity and extent of mid-buccal gingival recessions (GRs; classified according to the 2018 Classification System) and to identify their risk indicators in the South American population.

Materials And Methods: Epidemiological data from two cross-sectional studies-performed on 1070 South American adolescents and 1456 Chilean adults-were obtained. All participants received a full-mouth periodontal examination by calibrated examiners.

Dimensional changes after horizontal and vertical guided bone regeneration without membrane fixation using the retentive flap technique: A 1-year retrospective study.

Aim: To evaluate the dimensional changes after horizontal and vertical guided bone regeneration (GBR) without membrane fixation using the retentive flap technique.

Methods: This study retrospectively examined two cohorts that received vertical or horizontal ridge augmentations (VA or HA groups). GBR was performed using particulate bone substitutes and resorbable collagen membranes.

The L-shape technique in guided bone regeneration with simultaneous implant placement in the esthetic zone: A step-by-step protocol and a 2-14 year retrospective study.

Objectives: To describe the methodology of the "L-shape" technique in guided bone regeneration (GBR) with simultaneous implant placement and report on the clinical, esthetic, and patient satisfaction outcomes up to 14 years of follow-up.

Material And Methods: Fourteen patients treated with the "L-shape" technique were included in this retrospective study. The L-shape technique was performed by trimming and placing a soft-type bone block made of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen at the buccal-occlusal aspect of the dental implant.

Effect of collagen membrane fixation on ridge volume stability and new bone formation following guided bone regeneration.

Aim: To test the effect of membrane fixation on ridge volume stability and new bone formation using guided bone regeneration.

Materials And Methods: In eight beagle dogs, after bilateral extraction of the maxillary pre-molars, a box-shaped defect was created on each side. All defect sites were augmented with a particulate bone substitute material, covered with either one of two non-cross-linked collagen membranes (CM1 or CM2) with or without fixation (-F or -UF).

Vertical ridge augmentation feasibility using unfixed collagen membranes and particulate bone substitutes: A 1- to 7-year retrospective single-cohort observational study.

Aim: To determine whether vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) can be obtained through guided bone regeneration (GBR) using exclusively resorbable collagen membranes and particulate bone substitutes without additional stabilization.

Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively examined 22 participants who underwent VRA with staged or simultaneous implant placement. The vertical defects of all participants were filled with particulate bone substitutes and covered with resorbable collagen membranes.

Membrane fixation enhances guided bone regeneration in standardized calvarial defects: A pre-clinical study.

Aim: To determine whether collagen membrane (CM) fixation enhances guided bone regeneration in standardized defects.

Materials And Methods: Four 8-mm-diameter defects were surgically made in eight rabbit calvaria, and randomly allocated into four groups: control (empty), unfixed-CM, fixed-CM, and unfixed-CM with bone graft (BG + CM) (positive control). After 1- and 4-week healing periods, the animals were sacrificed and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, micro-computed tomography, and histological outcomes were assessed.

Two short implants versus one short implant with a cantilever: 5-Year results of a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: To test whether or not the use of a short implant with a cantilever results in similar clinical and radiographic outcomes compared to two adjacent short implants with single tooth reconstructions.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six patients with two adjacent missing teeth in the posterior region were randomly assigned to receive either a single 6-mm implant with a cantilever (ONE-C) or two 6-mm implants (TWO). Fixed reconstructions were inserted 3-6 months after implant placement and patients were re-examined up to 5 years (FU-5).

Proteomic and genomic analysis of acid dentin lysate with focus on TGF-β signaling.

Particulate autologous tooth roots are increasingly used for alveolar bone augmentation; however, the proteomic profile of acid dentin lysate and the respective cellular response have not been investigated. Here we show that TGF-β1 is among the 226 proteins of acid dentin lysate (ADL) prepared from porcine teeth. RNA sequencing identified 231 strongly regulated genes when gingival fibroblasts were exposed to ADL.

Osteoconductive properties of upside-down bilayer collagen membranes in rat calvarial defects.

Background: Bilayer collagen membranes are routinely used in guided bone/tissue regeneration to serve as osteoconductive scaffolds and prevent the invasion of soft tissues. It is recommended to place the membranes with their dense layer towards the soft tissue and their porous layer towards the bony defect area. However, evidence supporting this recommendation is lacking.

Acid Dentin Lysate Failed to Modulate Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria Defects.

Autogenous tooth roots are increasingly applied as a grafting material in alveolar bone augmentation. Since tooth roots undergo creeping substitution similar to bone grafts, it can be hypothesized that osteoclasts release the growth factors stored in the dentin thereby influencing bone formation. To test this hypothesis, collagen membranes were either soaked in acid dentin lysates (ADL) from extracted porcine teeth or serum-free medium followed by lyophilization.

Short communication: Cemented implant reconstructions are associated with less marginal bone loss than screw-retained reconstructions at 3 and 5 years of loading.

Objectives: To analyse whether there is a difference in marginal bone levels (MBL) and the respective changes between cemented and screw-retained reconstructions at 3 and 5 years of loading.

Methods: Radiographic data from 14 prospective multicentre clinical trials following implant loading with fixed cemented (CEM) or screw-retained (SCREW) reconstructions with a 3- to 5-year follow-up were retrieved from a database. MBL and MBL changes were assessed at initiation of implant loading (BL), at 3 (FU-3) and 5 years (FU-5) thereafter.

Local tissue effects of various barrier membranes in a rat subcutaneous model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the local tissue reactions associated with 3 different poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) prototype membranes and to compare them to the reactions associated with commercially available resorbable membranes in rats.

Methods: Seven different membranes-3 synthetic PLGA prototypes (T1, T2, and T3) and 4 commercially available membranes (a PLGA membrane, a poly[lactic acid] membrane, a native collagen membrane, and a cross-linked collagen membrane)-were randomly inserted into 6 unconnected subcutaneous pouches in the backs of 42 rats. The animals were sacrificed at 4, 13, and 26 weeks.

Impact of DBBM Fragments on the Porosity of the Calvarial Bone: A Pilot Study on Mice.

Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) is brittle and can break into fragments. Here, we examined whether DBBM fragments have an impact on mice calvarial bone during bone augmentation. DBBM was either randomly crushed (DBBM fragments) or left undisturbed (DBBM granules).

Caspase inhibitor attenuates the shape changes in the alveolar ridge following tooth extraction: A pilot study in rats.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether the inhibition of apoptosis via pan-caspase inhibitors can attenuate the changes in the alveolar ridge upon tooth extraction.

Background: Cells undergoing apoptosis might play a central role in the onset of alveolar bone resorption and the ensuing bone atrophy following tooth extraction. Caspases are proteases that regulate apoptotic cell death.