Scale-up of photoreactor with TiO thin layer for wastewater treatment.

This study is devoted to the scale-up potential of TiO/UV photocatalyst for real wastewater treatment including its durability tests. The activity of the prepared TiO layers was first tested in a laboratory reactor on key representative pollutants diclofenac, chloramphenicol and triclosan. A special pilot plant reactor of a two-tube system with 21 stainless steel annulets covered by TiO thin layers and the inner volume of 3.

Factors Influencing the Production of Extracellular Polysaccharides by the Green Algae and Their Isolation, Purification, and Composition.

The freshwater green microalgae, (CCALA 330), has the ability to produce extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). Conditions for optimum growth and EPS overproduction were determined in laboratory-scale tubular photobioreactors (PBR) with a working volume of 300 mL. Multiple limitations in nutrient supply were proven to be an effective method for EPS overproduction.

Typical groundwater contamination in the vicinity of industrial brownfields and basic methods of their treatment.

The article deals with simple methods of decontamination of groundwater from the vicinity of brownfields contaminated with organic and inorganic substances. In the literature, thousands of articles on this issue at various sophisticated levels of knowledge can be found. The articles are mostly suitable as an extension of scientific knowledge; however, regarding potential costs and respectively scale-up problems, the applications are limited.

Remediation of brownfields contaminated by organic compounds and heavy metals: a bench-scale test of a sulfur/vermiculite sorbent for mercury vapor removal.

In this study, we report for the first time a novel type of sorbent that can be used for mercury adsorption from the air-based off-gasses-vermiculite impregnated with alkali polysulfides and thiosulfates. In contrast to other sorbents, vermiculite exhibits superior thermal stability in air and low adsorption capacity for organic vapors. This allows for a more favorable design of the soil remediation unit-direct coupling of thermal desorber with catalytic oxidizer using air as a carrier gas.

Microalgae for bioenergy: key technology nodes.

Microalgae have increasingly gained research interest as a source of lipids for biodiesel production. The wet way processing of harvested microalgae was suggested and evaluated with respect to the possible environmental impacts and production costs. This study is focused on the three key steps of the suggested process: flocculation, water recycling, and extraction of lipids.

In-field experimental verification of cultivation of microalgae Chlorella sp. using the flue gas from a cogeneration unit as a source of carbon dioxide.

A complex treatment of agricultural waste including the following major steps: anaerobic fermentation of suitable waste, cogeneration of the obtained biogas and growth of microalgae consuming the CO(2) from biogas and flue gas was verified under field conditions in a pilot-scale photobioreactor. The growth kinetics of microalgae Chlorella sp. consuming mixture of air and carbon dioxide (2% (v/v) of CO(2)), or flue gas (8-10% (v/v) of CO(2)) was investigated.

Combined decontamination processes for wastes containing PCBs.

This project has focused on the development of a complex assembly of mutually corresponding technological units: a low temperature thermal process for the desorption of PCBs and other organics from soils and other contaminated solid wastes; the extraction of PCBs from soils by an ecological friendly aqueous solution of selected surfactants; the chemical decontamination of PCBs in oils and in-oil-in-water emulsions by metallic sodium and potassium in polyethylene glycols in the presence of aluminum powder; the modified alkaline catalyzed chemical decontamination of PCBs in oil-in-water dispersions in a solid-state reactor (in a film of reacting emulsion on solid carriers); and the breakdown of PCBs in aqueous emulsions with activated hydroxyl radicals enhanced by UV radiation. The processes operate in a closed loop configuration with effluents circulating among the process unit. These technologies have been verified at laboratory and pilot-plant scales.

Solidification of waste steel foundry dust with Portland cement.

Properties of mixtures of Portland cements and "waste steel foundry dust (WSFD)" from Czech steel works were examined. It was found that WSFDs are formed by microporous clusters of spherical particles of iron oxides, ranging in size from 10 to 100 nm. The content of ZnO in WSFD affects markedly the hydration of cement + WSFD mixtures both in solidification time and strength development.