2022 Recommendations of the AFU Lithiasis Committee: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Labate et al.) is the standard procedure for the treatment of large (≥2cm) kidney stones. The patient can be in prone or modified supine position.

Immortal Time-Bias-Corrected Survival of Highly Sensitized Patients and HLA-desensitized Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Introduction: In the setting of kidney transplantation (KT), we assessed the efficacy of desensitization and compared the survival of desensitized patients (HLA-incompatible KT) with similarly sensitized patients receiving HLA-compatible KT or sensitized patients still on a waiting list after adjusting for the usually unaccounted immortal time bias.

Methods: All patients in a French KT center on the waiting list between August 1994 and December 2019 with a high level of sensitization (panel-reactive antibodies [PRAs] ≥80%) were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus retrograde intrarenal surgery in the treatment of lower pole renal stones.

Objectives: Miniaturization of percutaneous nephrolithotomy techniques have led to their increased consideration for lower pole renal stones that can prove more challenging to reach using retrograde intrarenal surgery. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate and compare the outcomes of miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy (miniPCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for the treatment of lower pole renal stones.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed in two academic urology departments between January 2016 and June 2019.

Cooperative Blockade of CK2 and ATM Kinases Drives Apoptosis in VHL-Deficient Renal Carcinoma Cells through ROS Overproduction.

Kinase-targeted agents demonstrate antitumor activity in advanced metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which remains largely incurable. Integration of genomic approaches through small-molecules and genetically based high-throughput screening holds the promise of improved discovery of candidate targets for cancer therapy. The 786-O cell line represents a model for most ccRCC that have a loss of functional pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau).

The Mayo Adhesive Probability score can help predict intra- and postoperative complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Purpose: Living donor nephrectomy is a high-stake procedure involving healthy individuals, therefore every effort should be made to define each patient's individualized risk and improve potential donors' information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interest of the Mayo adhesive probability (MAP) score, an imaging-based score initially designed to estimate the risk of adherent perinephric fat in partial nephrectomy, to predict intra- and postoperative complications of living donor nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the imaging, clinical, and follow-up data of 452 kidney donors who underwent laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in two academic centers.

Ex-Vivo Treatment of Tumor Tissue Slices as a Predictive Preclinical Method to Evaluate Targeted Therapies for Patients with Renal Carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third type of urologic cancer. At time of diagnosis, 30% of cases are metastatic with no effect of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Current targeted therapies lead to a high rate of relapse and resistance after a short-term response.

Aortic bypass surgery for asymptomatic patients awaiting a kidney transplant: A word of caution.

Introduction: In the presence of severe aorto-iliac calcification, aortic bypass surgery can be mandatory to allow kidney transplantation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety and outcomes of this strategy among asymptomatic patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the files of all patients that had undergone vascular bypass surgery prior to kidney transplantation between November 2004 and March 2016.

Open prostatectomy versus 180-W XPS GreenLight laser vaporization: Long-term functional outcome for prostatic adenomas>80 g.

Introduction: GreenLight photoselective vaporisation of the prostate (PVP) offers an endoscopic alternative to open prostatectomy (OP) for treatment of large adenomas. This study compares long-term functional outcome of both techniques in patients with Benign prostatic obstruction (BPO)>80g.

Material And Method: Data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for BPO>80g from January 2010 to February 2015 at our institution were retrospectively collected and compared according to surgical technique.

Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies vs. magnetic resonance imaging ultrasound fusion targeted biopsies: Who are the best candidates?

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the results of ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies (US-PB) and magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion biopsies (MRI-PB) in two contemporary cohorts and to describe the parameters orienting the choice of technique.

Methods: Two contemporary cohorts of patients undergoing US-PB or MR-PB using the Urostation (Koelis, Grenoble, France) between November 2010 and July 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with metastatic cancer or recurrence after treatment, saturation biopsies, and US-PB performed after a negative MRI were excluded.

Super-selective robot-assisted partial nephrectomy using near-infrared flurorescence versus early-unclamping of the renal artery: results of a prospective matched-pair analysis.

Introduction: Super-selective clamping of tumor-specific segmental arteries was developed to eliminate ischemia of the remnant kidney while limiting hemorrhage during partial nephrectomy. The objective is to evaluate the benefice of super-selective clamping on renal functional outcome, compared to early-unclamping of the renal artery.

Materials And Methods: From March 2015 to July 2016, data from 30 patients undergoing super-selective robot-assisted PN (RAPN) for a solitary tumor by a single surgeon were prospectively collected.