Effective bulk and mass densities of randomly distributed coated cylinders in fluid.

Inhomogeneous media made of random configurations of coated circular cylinders are considered. The effective properties-wave number, mass density, bulk modulus-are discussed and illustrated. The effects of the volume fraction of the scatterers and surrounding fluid are also examined.

Observation of micropolar modes in the transmission of acoustic waves at oblique incidence by polystyrene plates.

This study investigates micropolar plates through the analysis of transmitted acoustic waves at various incident angles. Using a combined theoretical and experimental approach, we explore the non-classical elasto-dynamic behavior of these materials. Theoretical transmission coefficients are tailored to highlight generalized Lamb modes and a new type of vibration mode called micropolar modes, considering the constant thickness of the plate and the effects of material micropolarity on linear elasticity.

Assessing the Readiness of Rural Public Librarians to Implement Public Health Programs.

Although health promotion is not the primary function of public libraries, it is well documented that many libraries engage in health promotion activities, even when resources are constrained. Less understood is the readiness of the public library workforce, particularly in rural communities, to implement evidence-based health promotion programs. This study uses a modified version of the Competency Assessment for Tier 2 Public Health Professionals to assess the readiness of a small sample (n = 21) of Oregon rural library managers to implement evidence-based health initiatives.

Identifying barriers to outpatient appointment attendance in patient groups at risk of inequity: a mixed methods study in a London NHS trust.

Background: There is significant health inequity in the United Kingdom (U.K.), with different populations facing challenges accessing health services, which can impact health outcomes.

Role of Uncertainty in Illness and Coping Strategies in Advance Directive Completion in Patients With End-stage Liver Disease.

Objective: We examined the associations among advance directives (ADs) completion, coping, uncertainty in illness, and optimism and pessimism in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD).

Background: Although associations among ADs, coping, and uncertainty have been studied in patients with other life-limiting illnesses, these concepts have not been studied together in patients with ESLD.

Patients And Methods: Patients were recruited at 2 health care institutions as part of a larger prospective study.

What makes a winner? Symbiont and host dynamics determine Caribbean octocoral resilience to bleaching.

Unlike reef-building, scleractinian corals, Caribbean soft corals (octocorals) have not suffered marked declines in abundance associated with anthropogenic ocean warming. Both octocorals and reef-building scleractinians depend on a nutritional symbiosis with single-celled algae living within their tissues. In both groups, increased ocean temperatures can induce symbiont loss (bleaching) and coral death.

Acoustic waves in random distributions of double porosity cylinders.

Effective quantities - wavenumber, bulk modulus and mass density - are sought for a random distribution of double porosity parallel circular cylinders saturated by the surrounded fluid. For this purpose, a Generalized Self Consistent Method (GSCM) is applied to Linton and Martin's formula for the wavenumber, which accounts for multiple scattering between cylinders. Since Linton and Martin's formula contains the Independent Scattering Approximation (ISA), the simplest case of GSCM applied to ISA is also examined.

Nanotube-Like Electronic States in [5,5]-C Fullertube Molecules.

Fullertubes, that is, fullerenes consisting of a carbon nanotube moiety capped by hemifullerene ends, are emerging carbon nanomaterials whose properties show both fullerene and carbon nanotube (CNT) traits. Albeit it may be expected that their electronic states show a certain resemblance to those of the extended nanotube, such a correlation has not yet been found or described. Here it shows a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) characterization of the adsorption, self-assembly, and electronic structure of 2D arrays of [5,5]-C fullertube molecules on two different noble metal surfaces, Ag(111) and Au(111).

The Rayleigh mode at the plane boundary between a liquid and a double porosity medium.

The Rayleigh mode (also called generalized Rayleigh wave) at the flat interface between a liquid and a double porosity medium saturated by the same liquid, is investigated. The double porosity medium obeys the phenomenological model of Berryman and Wang (2000). It allows the simultaneous propagation of three longitudinal waves and a transverse wave.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Design Thorough QT Study With a Nested Crossover to Compare the Cardiac Safety of Amiselimod With Placebo and Positive Control in Healthy Volunteers.

This double-blind study evaluated the cardiac safety of amiselimod. Healthy adults (n = 190) were randomized (2:1:1) to receive (1) oral placebo (day -1), followed by oral amiselimod (days 1-26), which was upwardly titrated from 0.4 to 1.

Gigantic C Fullertubes: Prediction and Experimental Evidence for Isomerically Purified Metallic [5,5] C-D(1) and Nonmetallic [10,0] C-D(10766).

We report the first experimental characterization of isomerically pure and pristine C fullertubes, [5,5] C-D(1) and [10,0] C-D(10766). These new molecules represent the highest aspect ratio fullertubes isolated to date; for example, the prior largest empty cage fullertube was [5,5] C-D(1). This increase of 20 carbon atoms represents a gigantic leap in comparison to of C-C fullerene research.

Effects of terrestrial dissolved organic matter on a bloom of the toxic cyanobacteria, Raphidiopsis raciborskii.

The concentration of coloured terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) from vegetation appears to be increasing in lakes in some regions of the world, leading to the term brownification. The light attenuating effect of coloured tDOM on phytoplankton growth has been a major focus of attention, but the phytotoxic effects of tDOM, particularly on cyanobacterial blooms, are less well understood. This mesocosm study tested whether coloured tDOM, leached from the leaves of a Eucalyptus tree species, inhibited a naturally occurring bloom of the toxic cyanobacterium, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, in a reservoir over a 10 day period.

Exploring the Threshold between Fullerenes and Nanotubes: Characterizing Isomerically Pure, Empty-Caged, and Tubular Fullerenes -C and -C.

We report the fully fledged photophysical characterization of isomerically pure, empty-caged, tubular fullerenes -C and -C and compare their key properties. In particular, the focus was on cage sizes between 60 and 150 carbon atoms with , , and symmetry. The optical band gap of -C is 1.

Rehabilitation of a misbehaving microbiome: phages for the remodeling of bacterial composition and function.

The human gut microbiota is considered an adjunct metabolic organ owing to its health impact. Recent studies have shown correlations between gut phage composition and host health. Whereas phage therapy has popularized virulent phages as antimicrobials, both virulent and temperate phages have a natural ecological relationship with their cognate bacteria.

The role of astrocytes in prion-like mechanisms of neurodegeneration.

Accumulating evidence suggests that neurodegenerative diseases are not merely neuronal in nature but comprise multicellular involvement, with astrocytes emerging as key players. The pathomechanisms of several neurodegenerative diseases involve the deposition of misfolded protein aggregates in neurons that have characteristic prion-like behaviours such as template-directed seeding, intercellular propagation, distinct conformational strains and protein-mediated toxicity. The role of astrocytes in dealing with these pathological prion-like protein aggregates and whether their responses either protect from or conspire with the disease process is currently unclear.