Exploring heterogeneity in coxarthrosis medication use patterns before total hip replacement: a State Sequence Analysis.

Objective: Evidence of geographical variation in total hip replacement (THR) and deviations from treatment guidelines persists. In this exploratory study, we aim to gain an in-depth understanding of patients' healthcare trajectories by identifying and visualising medication use patterns in coxarthrosis patients before surgery. We examine their association with patient characteristics and THR, and compare them with recommendations on mild analgesics, opioid prescription and exhaustion of conservative therapy.

Sustained Clinical Response to Ivosidenib in Previously Treated Patients with Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Harboring an IDH1 R132 Mutation: Two Case Reports.

Introduction: Patients with progressing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) harboring an isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation who received ivosidenib showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) benefit of 1.3 months compared to placebo in the phase 3 ClarIDHy trial.

Case Presentations: We describe 2 consecutive patients with previously treated unresectable and metastatic iCCA harboring an IDH1 R132 mutation who achieved durable clinical responses with ivosidenib 500 mg once daily for >12 months until disease progression.

Medical App Treatment of Non-Specific Low Back Pain in the 12-month Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial Rise-uP: Where Clinical Superiority Meets Cost Savings.

Purpose: Non-specific low back pain (NLBP) exerts a profound impact on global health and economics. In the era of Web 3.0, digital therapeutics offer the potential to improve NLBP management.

Comparing the quality of care in physician networks to usual care for elderly patients in three German regions: a quasi-experimental cohort study.

Objectives: Patients in Germany have free choice of physicians in the ambulatory care sector and can consult them as often as they wish without a referral. This can lead to inefficiencies in treatment pathways. In response, some physicians have formed networks to improve the coordination and quality of care.

Generation of a Realistic Synthetic Laryngeal Cancer Cohort for AI Applications.

Background: Obtaining large amounts of real patient data involves great efforts and expenses, and processing this data is fraught with data protection concerns. Consequently, data sharing might not always be possible, particularly when large, open science datasets are needed, as for AI development. For such purposes, the generation of realistic synthetic data may be the solution.

Shear margins in upper half of Northeast Greenland Ice Stream were established two millennia ago.

Only a few localised ice streams drain most of the ice from the Greenland Ice Sheet. Thus, understanding ice stream behaviour and its temporal variability is crucially important to predict future sea-level change. The interior trunk of the 700 km-long North-East Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) is remarkable due to the lack of any clear bedrock channel to explain its presence.

Anaemia among school children of different socioeconomical status in a city of Southern Brazil.

Iron deficiency is one of the leading causes of anaemia, with those most affected being children and women of childbearing age, in Brazil there is a scarcity of studies involving the local prevalence of anaemia. To evaluate anaemia and associated factors in schoolchildren in Santa Cruz do Sul through the analysis of biochemical and haematological markers and parasitological examination of faeces. School children from 10 to 12 years of age were evaluated through complete blood count, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein and stool parasitological examination, as well as socio-demographic characteristics and prophylaxis with ferrous sulphate in childhood.

Partnership Status, Health, and Mortality: Selection or Protection?

Married individuals have better health and lower mortality than nonmarried people. Studies show that when cohabitants are distinguished from other nonmarried groups, health differences between partnered and nonpartnered individuals become even more pronounced. Some researchers have argued that partnered individuals have better health and lower mortality because a partnership offers protective effects (protection); others have posited that partnered people have better health and lower mortality because healthy persons are more likely to form a union and less likely to dissolve it (selection).

Personal preferences for treatment and care during and after a First Episode Psychosis: A qualitative study.

Aim: A first episode of psychosis (FEP) is a stressful, often life-changing experience. Scarce information is available about personal preferences regarding their care needs during and after a FEP. Whereas a more thorough understanding of these preferences is essential to aid shared decision-making during treatment and improve treatment satisfaction.

Longitudinal relationship between screen time, cardiorespiratory fitness, and waist circumference of children and adolescents: a 3-year cohort study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the interaction between screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in their longitudinal association with waist circumference (WC) during a follow-up of 3 years from childhood to adolescence.

Methods: Observational 3-year longitudinal study with 401 students (224 females), seven to 15 years of age at baseline. The CRF was evaluated by estimating peak oxygen uptake (VO) from an indirect field-based test and body mass index.

The moderating role of macronutrient intake in relation to body composition and genotoxicity: A study with gym users.

In a cross-sectional study of gymnasium users (both sexes, ages = 41.9 ± 14.8 years), we examined the moderating role of macronutrient intake in relation to body composition and genotoxicity.

Do physician networks with standardized audit and feedback deliver better quality care for older patients compared to regular care?: a quasi-experimental study using claims data from Bavaria, Germany.

Background: Physician networks (PNs) are a recent development in Germany, designed to improve the coordination and quality of healthcare. We compared the performance of PNs that use a standardized system of audit and feedback to that of regular care.

Methods: We analysed a large sample of claims data from Bavaria, Germany, using nearest-neighbour propensity score matching.

Three-dimensional topology dataset of folded radar stratigraphy in northern Greenland.

We present a dataset of reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) englacial stratigraphic horizons in northern Greenland. The data cover four different regions representing key ice-dynamic settings in Greenland: (i) the onset of Petermann Glacier, (ii) a region upstream of the 79° North Glacier (Nioghalvfjerdsbræ), near the northern Greenland ice divide, (iii) the onset of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) and (iv) a 700 km wide region extending across the central ice divide over the entire northern part of central Greenland. In this paper, we promote the advantages of a 3D perspective of deformed englacial stratigraphy and explain how 3D horizons provide an improved basis for interpreting and reconstructing the ice-dynamic history.

Factors Affecting Performance of DNA Methylation as a Potential Biomarker in Ascites for Peritonitis and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis.

Background And Aims: Despite limited sensitivity, the gold standard for the diagnosis of malignant cells in ascites is still cytology. The aim of this prospective proof-of-principle study was to evaluate DNA methylation as a molecular tool for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.

Methods: A cohort of 79 patients with malignant and non-malignant ascites was prospectively enrolled.

Association between the use of muscle-building supplements and DNA damage in resistance training practitioners.

Objectives: Little is known about the relationship between the supplements used for sport and safety, especially regarding the induction of genotoxicity. Therefore, more knowledge about a DNA damage possibly caused using sport supplements is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between the use of muscle-building supplements and DNA damage in resistance training practitioners.

A combined computational and functional approach identifies IGF2BP2 as a driver of chemoresistance in a wide array of pre-clinical models of colorectal cancer.

Aim: Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. In this study, the impact of the IGF2BP family of RNA-binding proteins on CRC chemoresistance was investigated using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches.

Methods: Gene expression data from a well-characterized cohort and publicly available cross-linking immunoprecipitation sequencing (CLIP-Seq) data were collected.

Concept and study protocol of the process evaluation of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial to promote physical activity in outpatients with heterogeneous mental disorders-the ImPuls study.

Background: Evidence suggests that patients suffering from different mental disorders benefit from exercise programs combined with behavior change techniques. Based on this evidence, we have developed an exercise program (ImPuls) specifically designed to provide an additional treatment option in the outpatient mental health care system. The implementation of such complex programs into the outpatient context requires research that goes beyond the evaluation of effectiveness, and includes process evaluation.

Using Digital Twins to Support Multiple Stages of the Patient Journey.

New possibilities in personalized medicine need to be complemented by clinical decision support systems as well as context-specific applications to be used in clinical routine. We aim to implement a shared technical backend for a large variety of applications in personalized head-and-neck cancer treatment. The infrastructure is conceptualized as a multi-purpose digital twin for cancer treatment.

Crystal orientation fabric anisotropy causes directional hardening of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream.

The dynamic mass loss of ice sheets constitutes one of the biggest uncertainties in projections of ice-sheet evolution. One central, understudied aspect of ice flow is how the bulk orientation of the crystal orientation fabric translates to the mechanical anisotropy of ice. Here we show the spatial distribution of the depth-averaged horizontal anisotropy and corresponding directional flow-enhancement factors covering a large area of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream onset.

When does the female bias arise? Insights from the sex determination cascade of a flea beetle with a strongly skewed sex ratio.

Reproduction-manipulating bacteria like Wolbachia can shift sex ratios in insects towards females, but skewed sex ratios may also arise from genetic conflicts. The flea beetle Altica lythri harbors three main mtDNA strains that are coupled to three different Wolbachia infections. Depending on the mtDNA types, the females produce either offspring with a balanced sex ratio or exclusively daughters.

Comparative analysis of miRNA expression in dedifferentiated and well-differentiated components of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a rare malignant cartilage tumor arising out of a low-grade chondrosarcoma, whereby the well-differentiated and the dedifferentiated components coexist in the same localization. DDCS has a massively increased metastatic potential in comparison to low-grade chondrosarcoma. So far, the underlying mechanisms of DDCS development and the increased malignancy are widely unknown.

Special orthopaedic geriatrics (SOG) - a new multiprofessional care model for elderly patients in elective orthopaedic surgery: a study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial of a multimodal intervention in frail patients with hip and knee replacement.

Background: Due to demographic change, the number of older people in Germany and worldwide will continue to rise in the coming decades. As a result, the number of elderly and frail patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty is projected to increase significantly in the coming years. In order to reduce risk of complications and improve postoperative outcome, it can be beneficial to optimally prepare geriatric patients before orthopaedic surgery and to provide perioperative care by a multiprofessional orthogeriatric team.

Modeling the extinction risk of European butterflies and odonates.

Insect populations have become increasingly threatened during the last decades due to climate change and landuse intensification. Species characteristics driving these threats remain poorly understood. Trait-based analyses provide a straight-forward approach to gain a mechanistic understanding of species' extinction risk, guiding the development of conservation strategies.

Ontology-based surgical workflow recognition and prediction.

Background: Surgical context-aware systems can adapt to the current situation in the operating room and thus provide computer-aided assistance functionalities and intraoperative decision-support. To interact with the surgical team perceptively and assist the surgical process, the system needs to monitor the intraoperative activities, understand the current situation in the operating room at any time, and anticipate the following possible situations.

Methods: A structured representation of surgical process knowledge is a prerequisite for any applications in the intelligent operating room.