Glucagon Resistance in Individuals With Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis Can Be Measured Using the GLUSENTIC Test and Index.

Increased plasma levels of glucagon (hyperglucagonemia) promote diabetes development but are also observed in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This may reflect hepatic glucagon resistance toward amino acid catabolism. A clinical test for measuring glucagon resistance has not been validated.

Glucagon augments the secretion of FGF21 and GDF15 in MASLD by indirect mechanisms.

Introduction: Glucagon receptor agonism is currently explored for the treatment of obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The metabolic effects of glucagon receptor agonism may in part be mediated by increases in circulating levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) and Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15). The effect of glucagon agonism on FGF21 and GDF15 levels remains uncertain, especially in the context of elevated insulin levels commonly observed in metabolic diseases.

A novel hepcidin mutation.

Background: The bioactive peptide hormone hepcidin-25 regulates iron levels by inhibiting iron transport to plasma via ferroportin. Hepcidin-25 is synthesized in the liver where the 84 amino acids pro-hepcidin is cleaved into the bioactive hepcidin-25. A patient admitted to the hospital presented with infertility and fatigue.

Development of a glucagon sensitivity test in humans: Pilot data and the GLUSENTIC study protocol.

A physiological feedback system exists between hepatocytes and the alpha cells, termed the liver-alpha cell axis and refers to the relationship between amino acid-stimulated glucagon secretion and glucagon-stimulated amino acid catabolism. Several reports indicate that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) disrupts the liver-alpha cell axis, because of impaired glucagon receptor signaling (glucagon resistance). However, no experimental test exists to assess glucagon resistance in humans.

Hereditary hemochromatosis: data from a single center Copenhagen cohort.

Objectives: We aimed to describe a cohort of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) patients from a single urban center in Copenhagen.

Methods: Retrospectively, data from patients with HH from the years 2009-2020 were collected.

Results: A total of 203 patients was recorded.

Dehydration as referral diagnosis to a medical admittance department.

Introduction: Patients are frequently admitted to hospital on suspicion of dehydration. The diagnosis is widely used for referral to admittance departments. We aimed to prospectively evaluate patients admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration in terms of the accuracy of this diagnosis, to evaluate clinical and biochemical data and to evaluate the outcome and provide a review of the concept of dehydration.

Echocardiographic abnormalities and predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: the ECHOVID-19 study.

Aims: The present study had two aims: (i) compare echocardiographic parameters in COVID-19 patients with matched controls and (2) assess the prognostic value of measures of left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function in relation to COVID-19 related death.

Methods And Results: In this prospective multicentre cohort study, 214 consecutive hospitalized COVID-19 patients underwent an echocardiographic examination (by pre-determined research protocol). All participants were successfully matched 1:1 with controls from the general population on age, sex, and hypertension.

Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment Score is a strong predictor of survival in acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Introduction: The mortality of patients with an exacer-bation of decompensated liver cirrhosis is high even if treated in the intensive care unit (ICU), and the criteria for referral to ICU are not well defined. The objective of this study was to identify variables associated with mortality.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective cohort analysis was conducted in a university-affiliated ICU.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in Danish patients: a single Copenhagen center experience.

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer, and most HCC patients have underlying cirrhosis. Retrospectively, we aimed to characterize patients with newly diagnosed HCC at a Danish hospital and to investigate survival and identify predictive factors for survival.

Methods: All patients diagnosed with HCC from January 2008 to December 2014 were retrospectively enrolled in this study.

Alcoholic liver disease patients' perspective of a coping and physical activity-oriented rehabilitation intervention after hepatic encephalopathy.

Aim And Objective: To identify and describe the impact of a coping and physical activity-oriented rehabilitation intervention on alcoholic liver disease patients after hepatic encephalopathy in terms of their interaction with professionals and relatives.

Background: Patients who have experienced alcohol-induced hepatic encephalopathy have reduced quality of life, multiple complications, and social problems, and rehabilitation opportunities for these patients are limited.

Design: A grounded theory study and an evaluation study of a controlled intervention study.

Coping and rehabilitation in alcoholic liver disease patients after hepatic encephalopathy--in interaction with professionals and relatives.

Aims And Objectives: To identify and describe conditions that limit or support patients, with alcoholic liver disease after surviving alcohol-induced hepatic encephalopathy, ability to cope with current and potential physical and psychosocial problems--in interaction with professionals and relatives--and to recommend appropriate interventions.

Background: Alcoholic liver disease patients surviving alcohol-induced hepatic encephalopathy have significantly impaired quality of life. Internationally, there is a lack of knowledge about the conditions that affect alcoholic liver disease patients' coping and rehabilitation.

[Hypoxic hepatitis].

Hypoxic hepatitis (HH), also known as ischaemic hepatitis or shock liver, is an acute liver injury caused by hepatic hypoxia. Cardiac failure, respiratory failure and septic shock are the main underlying conditions. In each of these conditions, several haemodynamic mechanisms lead to hepatic hypoxia.

Rehabilitation for cirrhotic patients discharged after hepatic encephalopathy improves survival.

Introduction: The 1-year mortality of cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is approximately 60-80% in recent studies. We aimed to establish a rehabilitation out-patient clinic (RC) for alcoholic cirrhotic patients sur-viving HE.

Material And Methods: Prospectively, patients surviving HE were offered participation in the RC and were seen by a nurse for a one-hour interview with 1-3 weeks' interval after discharge and by a physician, if needed.

Gc-globulin in liver disease.

This doctoral thesis is based on seven previously published papers and reports on the role of the actin-scavenger Gc-globulin in acute and chronic liver diseases. Gc-globulin is synthesized in the liver and is a multifunctional protein; however, its main physiologic function is presumably actin binding and actin scavenging. Actin is a major cellular protein released during cell necrosis that may cause fatal formation of actin-containing thrombi in the circulation if the actin scavenging capacity of Gc-globulin is exceeded.

Fulminant liver disease.

Fulminant liver disease, acute liver failure (ALF), is one of the most intriguing and challenging conditions in the entire field of internal medicine. ALF is defined as the onset of hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy in patients with no known underlying liver disease within 8 to 26 weeks of onset of illness. Many cases develop within a few days, dramatically transforming an otherwise healthy individual to a patient with a high risk for developing multi-organ failure and death.

Viral hepatitis-related acute liver failure.

Objectives: Viral hepatitis has previously been the major cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States. We aimed to determine the incidence of viral hepatitis-related ALF and to compare the outcome and clinical and biochemical variables in patients with hepatitis A and B.

Methods: A total of 354 patients with ALF from multiple centers were screened for possible acute viral etiology.

The value of plasma acetaminophen half-life in antidote-treated acetaminophen overdosage.

Background: A plasma acetaminophen (INN, paracetamol) half-life of more than 4 hours has been correlated with hepatotoxicity in acetaminophen overdosing not treated with an antidote. Acetaminophen half-life has not been studied in patients receiving the antidote N -acetylcysteine.

Methods: Prospectively, 112 patients with acetaminophen overdosage all treated with intravenous N -acetylcysteine were studied.