Investigating skeletal muscle micro-trauma with time-dependent diffusion and the random permeable barrier model.

Repeated muscle micro-trauma may cause severe muscle damage. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) exhibits sensitivity to microstructural changes in skeletal muscle. We hypothesize that longer diffusion times enhance sensitivity to micro-trauma and that membrane permeability increases with micro-trauma.

3.0-Tesla MRI Observation at Return to Play After Hamstring Injuries.

Objective: To describe 3.0-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of hamstring muscles in clinically recovered athletes who were cleared for return to play (RTP).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Overview and Practical Step-by-step Guide.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a frequently encountered injury among athletes, often requiring surgical intervention to restore knee stability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after ACL reconstruction is common, especially in the evaluation of clinical complications leading to knee instability, decreased range of motion, or pain. This article provides a detailed overview of normal and abnormal postoperative findings including a practical step-by-step guide for MRI assessment.

Molecular markers of artemisinin resistance during falciparum malaria elimination in Eastern Myanmar.

Background: Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum threatens global malaria elimination efforts. To contain and then eliminate artemisinin resistance in Eastern Myanmar a network of community-based malaria posts was instituted and targeted mass drug administration (MDA) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (three rounds at monthly intervals) was conducted. The prevalence of artemisinin resistance during the elimination campaign (2013-2019) was characterized.

Uptake and challenges with daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men and transgender women, suburban Yangon, Myanmar.

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention in risk groups. We assessed PrEP uptake and 12-month retention among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in Myanmar during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and a political crisis.

Methods: Using prospectively collected data, we assessed the proportion of persons eligible, initiated and retained 12 months on PrEP.

Reporting of Morphology, Location, and Size in the Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus in 11,785 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Uniformity of reporting is a requisite to be able to compare results of clinical studies on the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and quality of reporting of size, morphology, and location of OLTs.

Design: A literature search was performed from 1996 to 2023 to identify clinical studies on surgical treatment of OLTs.

The impact of C-reactive protein testing on treatment-seeking behavior and patients' attitudes toward their care in Myanmar and Thailand.

C-reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care testing can reduce antibiotic prescribing in primary care patients with febrile and respiratory illness, yet little is known about its effects on treatment-seeking behavior. If patients go on to source antibiotics elsewhere, the impact of CRP testing will be limited. A randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of CRP testing on antibiotic prescriptions in Myanmar and Thai primary care patients with a febrile illness.

Successful elimination of falciparum malaria following the introduction of community-based health workers in Eastern Myanmar: A retrospective analysis.

Background: Myanmar has a large majority of all malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion. In the past decade, substantial progress was made in malaria control. The residual burden of malaria is in remote areas where currently recommended malaria elimination approaches are generally not feasible.

A systematic review of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Myanmar.

Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect most impoverished communities in developing countries, like Myanmar in Southeast Asia. NTDs have been understudied and underreported in Myanmar.

Methods: A systematic review of published and grey literature (1900-2023) on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Myanmar was conducted.

Don't Miss Me: Midfoot Sprains, A Point-of-Care Review.

Athletes practicing high-contact sports are exposed to an increased risk of midfoot injuries, namely midtarsal sprains. The complexity of reaching an accurate diagnosis is clearly depicted in the reported incidence of midtarsal sprains, ranging from 5% to 33% of ankle inversion injuries. Because the focus of the treating physician and physical therapist is on lateral stabilizing structures, midtarsal sprains are missed at initial evaluation in up to 41% of patients, with delayed treatment as a result.

Near point-of-care HIV viral load testing: Cascade after high viral load in suburban Yangon, Myanmar.

Introduction: HIV viral load (VL) testing in resource-limited settings is often centralised, limiting access. In Myanmar, we assessed outcomes according to VL access and the VL cascade (case management after a first high VL result) before and after near point-of-care (POC) VL was introduced.

Methods: Routine programme data from people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were used.

[F]Fluoride PET provides distinct information on disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis as compared to MRI and conventional radiography.

Purpose: To relate [F]fluoride uptake on PET with abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and conventional radiography (CR) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.

Methods: Ten clinically active AS patients (female 6/10, age 38 ± 11 years) were included, and both spine and SI-joints were examined. PET scans were dichotomously scored for enhanced [F]fluoride uptake, MRI scans were scored for fatty lesions, erosions, ankylosis, and bone marrow edema (BME), and CR was scored for erosions, syndesmophytes, and ankylosis.

Artemisinin resistance in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, originates from its initial transcriptional response.

The emergence and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, first in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), and now in East Africa, is a major threat to global malaria elimination ambitions. To investigate the artemisinin resistance mechanism, transcriptome analysis was conducted of 577 P. falciparum isolates collected in the GMS between 2016-2018.

Ulnar variance and triangular fibrocartilage thickness in adolescents: a cross-sectional MRI study of healthy participants.

Skeletally immature wrists are considered at risk of injury due to increased axial loading through a relatively shorter ulna. The aim of this study was to determine whether triangular fibrocartilage thickness relates to ulnar variance and age in adolescents. The radiographs and MRIs of 24 healthy adolescents were retrospectively assessed.

Proximal hamstring tendon avulsions: comparable clinical outcomes of operative and non-operative treatment at 1-year follow-up using a shared decision-making model.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate 1-year clinical and radiological outcomes after operative and non-operative treatment of proximal hamstring tendon avulsions.

Methods: Patients with an MRI-confirmed proximal hamstring tendon avulsion were included. Operative or non-operative treatment was selected by a shared decision-making process.

OptimisAtion of Diagnostic Accuracy in idioPathic inflammaTory myopathies (ADAPT study): a protocol for a prospective diagnostic accuracy study of multimodality testing in patients suspected of a treatable idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Introduction: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) excluding inclusion body myositis (IBM) are a group of heterogeneous autoimmune disorders characterised by subacute-onset and progressive proximal muscle weakness, which are frequently part of a multisystem autoimmune disorder. Reaching the diagnosis can be challenging, and no gold standard for the diagnosis of IIM exists. Diagnostic modalities include serum creatine kinase activity, muscle imaging (MRI or ultrasound (US)), electromyography (EMG), myositis autoantibody testing and muscle biopsy.