Unique Case of Congenital Duodenal Atresia and a Choledochal Cyst and the Hypothesis of Their Embryological Evolution.

The concomitant occurrence of duodenal atresia (DA) and a choledochal cyst (CC) has rarely been reported. Knowledge of both the presentation and management of this rare co-occurrence is imperative in avoiding potential complications and sequelae, such as biliary metaplasia. Herein we describe a female infant born at 32 weeks gestational age who was diagnosed with duodenal atresia and annular pancreas postnatally, who had subsequent findings of malrotation and a choledochal cyst, as seen from contrast imaging.

Pediatric interventional radiology workforce survey: 10-year follow-up.

Background: Pediatric interventional radiology is a distinct subspecialty differing from both pediatric diagnostic radiology and adult interventional radiology. We conducted a workforce survey in 2005 to evaluate the state of pediatric interventional radiology at that time. Since then there have been many advancements to the subspecialty, including the founding of the Society for Pediatric Interventional Radiology (SPIR).

Thoracoscopic decortication vs tube thoracostomy with fibrinolysis for empyema in children: a prospective, randomized trial.

Purpose: Management of empyema has been debated in the literature for decades. Although both primary video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and tube thoracostomy with pleural instillation of fibrinolytics have been shown to result in early resolution when compared to tube thoracostomy alone, there is a lack of comparative data between these modes of management. Therefore, we conducted a prospective, randomized trial comparing VATS to fibrinolytic therapy in children with empyema.

Successful percutaneous drainage of duodenal hematoma after blunt trauma.

Duodenal hematoma after blunt trauma is usually treated nonoperatively with bowel rest, nasogastric tube suction, and intravenous hydration. We report a case in which obstructive symptoms persisted despite more than 2 weeks of conservative management. An ultrasound-guided percutaneous drain was placed, with successful resolution of symptoms.

Presumed appendiceal abscess discovered to be ruptured Meckel diverticulum following percutaneous drainage.

A Meckel diverticulum is an embryonic remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct that occurs in approximately 2% of the population. Most are asymptomatic; however, they are vulnerable to inflammation with subsequent consequences including diverticulitis and perforation. We report an 11-year-old boy who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis at an outside institution.

Application of transcranial Doppler sonography in children with acute neurologic events due to primary cerebral and West Nile vasculitis.

We describe the use of serial transcranial Doppler studies to evaluate neurovascular disease in three girls presenting with acute stroke due to primary cerebral vasculitis (n = 2) and West Nile vasculitis (n = 1). Correlation of abnormal findings on transcranial Doppler sonography was compared with those of MR angiography and conventional angiography in each child. All three girls had left middle cerebral artery infarcts on MR imaging, with an abnormal left middle cerebral artery detected by MR angiography, conventional angiography, and transcranial Doppler sonography in each child.

Conventional versus modified technique for percutaneous nephrostomy in newborns and young infants.

Percutaneous nephrostomy (PN) in newborns and young infants presents unique challenges. Twenty-six consecutive PN procedures in 18 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Fifteen procedures were performed with the conventional micropuncture technique.