Association of Plasma Uremic Solute Levels with Residual Kidney Function in Children on Peritoneal Dialysis.

Background And Objectives: Residual native kidney function confers health benefits in patients on dialysis. It can facilitate control of extracellular volume and inorganic ion concentrations. Residual kidney function can also limit the accumulation of uremic solutes.

Impaired Tubular Secretion of Organic Solutes in Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Impairment of kidney function is routinely assessed by measuring the accumulation of creatinine, an organic solute cleared largely by glomerular filtration. We tested whether the clearance of solutes that undergo tubular secretion is reduced in proportion to the clearance of creatinine in humans with AKI.

Methods: Four endogenously produced organic solutes (phenylacetylglutamine [PAG], hippurate [HIPP], indoxyl sulfate [IS], and p-cresol sulfate [PCS]) were measured in spot urine and plasma samples from ten patients with AKI and 17 controls.

Plasma pseudouridine levels reflect body size in children on hemodialysis.

Background: Dialysis in children as well as adults is prescribed to achieve a target spKt/V, where V is the volume of distribution of urea. Waste solute production may however be more closely correlated with body surface area (BSA) than V which rises in proportion with body weight. Plasma levels of waste solutes may thus be higher in smaller patients when targeting spKt/V since they have higher BSA relative to body weight.

More Dialysis Has Not Proven Much Better.

Patients maintained on standard three times weekly hemodialysis have a high mortality rate and a limited quality of life. Some of this illness is due to systemic diseases that have caused kidney failure, and thus may be irreversible. But we presume that imperfect replacement of normal kidney function by dialysis contributes importantly.

Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Irish Renal Transplant Recipients: Insights From a National Observational Study.

Background: Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a common malignancy after renal transplantation with a high incidence of PTLD described in the first posttransplant year. We sought to determine incidence and risk determinants of PTLD in Irish kidney transplant recipients.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of 1996 adult first kidney transplant recipients between 1991 and 2010 in the Republic of Ireland.

Clinical and pathologic characteristics of hereditary apolipoprotein A-I amyloidosis in Ireland.

Aim: Apolipoprotein A-I amyloidosis is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by progressive accumulation of amyloid fibrils in tissues, leading to renal and hepatic disease. We describe the clinical manifestations and pathologic features of kidney disease in three Irish families.

Methods: This observational study examines all known cases of chronic kidney disease due to hereditary apolipoprotein A-I amyloidosis in Ireland.

Recurrence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in appropriately immunosuppressed renal transplant patients: a discussion of two cases.

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) (formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis) is a multisystem autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology. Renal disease manifests as a crescentic glomerulonephritis, with varying degrees of renal failure. Ten percent of patients progress to end-stage kidney disease.

Arterio-venous fistula buttonhole cannulation technique: a retrospective analysis of infectious complications.

Background: There are two main methods of accessing arterio-venous fistulas (AVFs); the 'buttonhole' and the 'rope-ladder' cannulation technique. Several small studies have hypothesized that the buttonhole technique is associated with increased rates of fistula-associated infection. This study addresses this hypothesis.

Effect of perioperative blood transfusions on long term graft outcomes in renal transplant patients.

Background: It is established that blood transfusions will promote sensitization to human leucocyte antigen (HLA) antigens, increase time spent waiting for transplantation and may lead to higher rates of rejection. Less is known about how perioperative blood transfusion influence patient and graft outcome. This study aims to establish if there is an association between perioperative blood transfusion and graft or patient survival.

Immediate re-transplantation following early kidney transplant thrombosis.

Allograft thrombosis is a devastating early complication of renal transplantation that ultimately leads to allograft loss. We report here on our experience of nine cases of immediate re-transplantation following early kidney transplant thrombosis at a single centre between January 1990 and June 2009. The mean age was 42.