Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bacterial spot race T4 resistance in intra-specific populations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

Bacterial spot of tomato is a serious disease caused by at least four species and four races of Xanthomonas- X. euvesicatoria (race T1), X. vesicatoria (race T2), X.

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Reveals Population Differentiation and Linkage Disequilibrium in from Tomato.

is an economically important foliar pathogen that causes early blight disease in tomatoes. Understanding genetic diversity, population genetic structure, and evolutionary potential is crucial to contemplating effective disease management strategies. We leveraged genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology to compare genome-wide variation in 124 isolates of spp.

Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for resistance to early blight in tomatoes.

Early blight (EB), caused by (Neerg.) (syn. ) Simmons, is a disease that affects tomatoes ( L.

Tissues and mechanisms associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in tomato using bi-grafted near-isogenic lines.

Host resistance is the primary means to control Verticillium dahliae, a soil-borne pathogen causing major losses on a broad range of plants, including tomato. The tissues and mechanisms responsible for resistance remain obscure. In the field, resistant tomato used as rootstocks does not confer resistance.

RNA-Seq and Gene Regulatory Network Analyses Uncover Candidate Genes in the Early Defense to Two Hemibiotrophic spp. in Strawberry.

Two hemibiotrophic pathogens, (Ca) and . (Cg), cause anthracnose fruit rot and anthracnose crown rot in strawberry ( × Duchesne), respectively. Both Ca and Cg can initially infect through a brief biotrophic phase, which is associated with the production of intracellular primary hyphae that can infect host cells without causing cell death and establishing hemibiotrophic infection (HBI) or quiescent (latent infections) in leaf tissues.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin.

Early blight (EB) caused by Alternaria linariae or Alternaria solani and leaf blight (LB) caused by A. alternata are economically important diseases of tomato and potato. Little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of these pathogens in the United States.

Impact of Different Daily Light Integrals and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations on the Growth, Morphology, and Production Efficiency of Tomato Seedlings.

Indoor growing systems with light-emitting diodes offer advantages for the growth of tomato seedlings through uniform and optimized environmental conditions which increase consistency between plants and growing cycles. CO enrichment has been shown to improve the yield of crops. Thus, this research aimed to characterize the effects of varied light intensities and CO enrichment on the growth, morphology, and production efficiency of tomato seedlings in indoor growing systems.

Comparative Genome Analyses of 18 Tomato Isolates Reveals Phylogenetic and Race Specific Signatures.

Host resistance is one of the few strategies available to combat the soil borne pathogenic fungus Understanding pathogen diversity in populations is key to successfully deploying host resistance. In this study the genomes of 18 isolates of races 1 ( = 2), 2 ( = 4), and 3 ( = 12) from Japan, California, and North Carolina were sequenced and mapped to the reference genome of JR2 (from tomato). The genomes were analyzed for phylogenetic and pathogen specific signatures to classify specific strains or genes for future research.

, a Major Threat to Tomato Production: Current Status and Future Prospects for Its Management.

The guava root-knot nematode, (Syn. ), is an emerging pathogen to many crops in the world. This nematode can cause chlorosis, stunting, and reduce yields associated with the induction of many root galls on host plants.

Opportunities and Challenges in Studies of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Management of in Tomatoes.

Tomatoes ( L.) are a valuable horticultural crop that are grown and consumed worldwide. Optimal production is hindered by several factors, among which , the cause of Verticillium wilt, is considered a major biological constraint in temperate production regions.

Pathogenomics Characterization of an Emerging Fungal Pathogen, f. sp. in Greenhouse Tomato Production Systems.

In recent years, greenhouse-grown tomato () plants showing vascular wilt and yellowing symptoms have been observed between 2015 and 2018 in North Carolina (NC) and considered as an emerging threat to profitability. In total, 38 putative isolates were collected from symptomatic tomatoes in 12 grower greenhouses and characterized to infer pathogenic and genomic diversity, and mating-type () idiomorphs distribution. Morphology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers confirmed that all isolates were f.

Four bottlenecks restrict colonization and invasion by the pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum in resistant tomato.

Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterial vascular pathogen causing devastating bacterial wilt. In the field, resistance against this pathogen is quantitative and is available for breeders only in tomato and eggplant. To understand the basis of resistance to R.

Gene Genealogies Reveal High Nucleotide Diversity and Admixture Haplotypes Within Three Species Associated with Tomato and Potato.

Early blight (EB) and leaf blight are two destructive diseases of tomato in North Carolina (NC), caused by and , respectively. During the last decade, EB caused by has increased in potato-producing areas in Wisconsin (WI). We collected 152 isolates of three spp.

Advances and Challenges in Bacterial Spot Resistance Breeding in Tomato ( L.).

Bacterial spot is a serious disease of tomato caused by at least four species of . These include (race T1), (race T2), (races T3 and T4), and with the distinct geographical distribution of each group. Currently, and are two major bacterial pathogens of tomato in North America, with (race T4) dominating in east-coast while dominating in the Midwest.

Assessing Rate-Reducing Foliar Resistance to Anthracnose Crown Rot and Fruit Rot in Strawberry.

Anthracnose fruit rot and anthracnose crown rot (ACR) caused by two species complexes of the fungus referred to as and , respectively, are major pathogens of strawberry in North Carolina. Anthracnose epidemics are common when susceptible cultivars and asymptomatic planting stocks carrying quiescent infection or hemibiotrophic infection (HBI) are planted. The main objective of this study was to assess resistance to HBI and ACR in strawberry.

Phenotypic and Genetic Diversity of Populations from Tomato in North Carolina.

Bacterial spot caused by spp. is one of the most devastating diseases of tomato in North Carolina (NC). In total, 290 strains of spp.

Inheritance of Resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum in Strawberry.

Information on the inheritance of resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum hemibiotrophic infections (HBI) in strawberry leaf tissue and the genetic control of anthracnose crown rot (ACR) in crown tissue are relatively unknown. Six parental genotypes were crossed in a half-diallel mating design to generate 15 full-sib families.

Epidemiological Significance of Crown Rot in the Fruiting Field in Relation to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Infection of Strawberry Nursery Plants.

Anthracnose crown rot (ACR), caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a serious disease of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) in the southeastern United States, and there is a need to determine the link between nursery and fruiting-field disease risk. A 2-year study in 2007, repeated in 2008, was conducted at the North Carolina State University Horticultural Crops Research Station, Clinton, using 'Chandler', the most popular cultivar in North Carolina and one that is highly susceptible to ACR. Mother plants in a summer nursery were inoculated midseason with three pathogenic strains of C.

Differential response of tomato genotypes to Xanthomonas-specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns and correlation with bacterial spot (Xanthomonas perforans) resistance.

Plants depend on innate immune responses to retard the initial spread of pathogens entering through stomata, hydathodes or injuries. These responses are triggered by conserved patterns in pathogen-encoded molecules known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the first responses, and the resulting 'oxidative burst' is considered to be a first line of defense.

Pathogenic and Genetic Relatedness Among Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii and Other Pathovars of X. axonopodis.

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii is phenotypically and genetically diverse and its relationship to other X. axonopodis pathovars within DNA homology group 9.

Polyphasic characterization of xanthomonas strains from onion.

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas leaf blight has become an increasingly important disease of onion, but the diversity among Xanthomonas strains isolated from onion is unknown, as is their relationship to other species and pathovars of Xanthomonas. Forty-nine Xanthomonas strains isolated from onion over 27 years from 10 diverse geographic regions were characterized by pathogenicity to onion and dry bean, fatty acid profiles, substrate utilization patterns (Biolog), bactericide resistance, repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting, rDNA internally transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and hrp b6 gene sequencing. Multiplication of onion Xanthomonas strain R-O177 was not different from X.

Phytophthora bisheria sp. nov., a new species identified in isolates from the Rosaceous raspberry, rose and strawberry in three continents.

A homothallic semipapillate slow growing Phytophthora species associated with root rot of strawberries from greenhouse-grown plants in North Carolina, USA, root rot of roses in the Netherlands, and root rot of raspberry in Knoxfield, Australia, was identified. The main character of this organism is the production of paragynous antheridia with broad attachment to the oogonial wall. The morphology of the pathogen does not match that of any of the more than 85 described Phytophthora species.

Development and Evaluation of PCR-Based Diagnostic Assays for the Bacterial Speck and Bacterial Spot Pathogens of Tomato.

Bacterial speck and bacterial spot lesions can easily be confused with each other and with those formed by other tomato pathogens. To facilitate disease diagnosis, we developed and evaluated polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based lesion assays using crude DNA extracts and primer sets COR1/2 (bacterial speck) and BSX1/2 (bacterial spot). All 29 pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae pv.