The Impact of Liquids and Saturated Salt Solutions on Polymer-Coated Fiber Optic Sensors for Distributed Strain and Temperature Measurement.

The application of distributed fiber optic strain and temperature measurement can be utilized to address a multitude of measurement tasks across a diverse range of fields, particularly in the context of structural health monitoring in the domains of building construction, civil engineering, and special foundation engineering. However, a comprehensive understanding of the influences on the measurement method and the sensors is essential to prevent misinterpretations or measurement deviations. In this context, this study investigated the effects of moisture exposure, including various salt solutions and a high pH value, on a distributed strain measurement using Rayleigh backscattering.

Early intervention with azelastine nasal spray may reduce viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

With the changing epidemiology of COVID-19 and its impact on our daily lives, there is still an unmet need of COVID-19 therapies treating early infections to prevent progression. The current study was a randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ninety SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were randomized into 3 groups receiving placebo, 0.

Pharmacometric Modeling of the Impact of Azelastine Nasal Spray on SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and Related Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients.

The histamine-1 receptor antagonist azelastine was recently found to impact SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics in a Phase 2 clinical trial (CARVIN). Thus, we investigated the relationship between intranasal azelastine administrations and viral load, as well as symptom severity in COVID-19 patients and analyzed the impact of covariates using non-linear mixed-effects modeling. For this, we developed a pharmacokinetic (PK) model for the oral and intranasal administration of azelastine.

Eye Infection with SARS-CoV-2 as a Route to Systemic Immunization?

Unlabelled: Infectious diseases of the conjunctiva and cornea usually leave behind both broad local and systemic immunity. Case reports of SARS-CoV-2-positive conjunctivitis with subsequent systemic immunity suggest a new route of immunization preventing the primary infection of the airways.

Material And Methods: A total of 24 Syrian field hamsters were treated.

The requirements for low-temperature plasma ionization support miniaturization of the ion source.

Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AI-MS), the ionization of samples under ambient conditions, enables fast and simple analysis of samples without or with little sample preparation. Due to their simple construction and low resource consumption, plasma-based ionization methods in particular are considered ideal for use in mobile analytical devices. However, systematic investigations that have attempted to identify the optimal configuration of a plasma source to achieve the sensitive detection of target molecules are still rare.

Influence of low- and high-frequency heating on biodegrading microorganisms in soil: microbial degradation.

The influence of low-frequency (50 Hz) resistive and high-frequency (13.56 MHz, radio-frequency) dielectric heating in comparison to conventional heating on the microbial degradation of pollutants in soil was studied. The investigation of the biodegradation of model substances (benzoic acid, acetic acid, glucose, sodium acetate) added to a standard soil showed no significant influence of the electrical heating methods when compared with samples heated to the same temperature in a water bath.

Influence of low- and high-frequency electrical heating on biodegrading microorganisms in soil: soil respiration.

The influence of electrical heating on microbiological processes in soil has been studied to evaluate the potential for enhancing biodegradation of pollutants by controlling the temperature. A frequency of 50 Hz (power line frequency) was applied for resistive heating. Dielectric heating was realized using a frequency of 13.

Ambivalent role of water in thermodesorption of hydrocarbons from contaminated soil.

Thermodesorption studies with soil samples from a former filling station for light crude oil contaminated with mineral oil hydrocarbons (mainly benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, naphthalene, alkylnaphthalenes, and C(10) to C(14) alkanes) have revealed an ambivalent influence of water on desorption rates. Particularly, the influences of soil moisture content, humidity of the purge gas, temperature, and content of soil organic matter (SOM) were studied. At low temperature, purge gas humidity strongly affected the mobility of hydrocarbons in the soil organic matter (SOM) leading to an enhanced release of contaminants at higher moisture contents.

Influence of in situ steam formation by radio frequency heating on thermodesorption of hydrocarbons from contaminated soil.

Thermal desorption of a wide spectrum of organic contaminants, initiated by radio frequency (RF) heating, was studied at laboratory and pilot-plant scales for an artificially contaminated soil and for an originally contaminated soil from an industrial site. Up to 100 °C, moderate desorption rates were observed for light aromatics such as toluene, chlorobenzene, and ethylbenzene. Desorption of the less volatile contaminants was greatly enhanced above 100 °C, when fast evaporation of soil-water produced steam for hydrocarbon stripping (steam-distillation, desorption rates increased by more than 1 order of magnitude).