Publications by authors named "Frank H P Lai"

Article Synopsis
  • - A Chinese patient was found to have both pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) and oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) due to specific genetic variants in the PANK2 and OCA2 genes, leading to vision issues and neurological symptoms.
  • - Genetic testing using next-generation sequencing confirmed the presence of homozygous missense variants in both PANK2 and OCA2, supporting the diagnoses of PKAN and OCA.
  • - The study highlights the importance of genetic analysis for diagnosing rare diseases, providing crucial information for patient management and counseling.
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Recent advances in retinal imaging technology have improved our understanding in the pathogenesis and evolvement of various chorioretinal diseases. Central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy are now recognized to belong to the same spectrum of disorders known as pachychoroid diseases. Pachychoroid diseases have similar pathogenesis pathway and common characteristics of thickened choroid, dilated outer choroidal vessels, and thinning of choriocapillaris.

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Objective: To describe the morphological changes on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging at different chronicity of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients with CSC of different chronicity. Changes in FAF scans and morphological changes on SD-OCT were evaluated and compared at different stages of CSC.

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Purpose: To compare two-year treatment outcomes of subthreshold micropulse (577 nm) laser and aflibercept for diabetic macular edema (DME).

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Methods: A total 164 eyes in 164 DME patients treated with either micropulse laser (86 eyes) or intravitreal aflibercept monotherapy (78 eyes) were recruited.

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Endoscopy provides unique optical properties to circumvent anterior segment opacities and visualize difficult-to-access anatomical regions, including retroirideal, retrolental, ciliary body, and anterior retinal structures. We summarize the basic principles and utilization of endoscopic vitreoretinal surgery, along with recent technological advances in the field base on a structured literature search in Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar database up to February, 2020. Endoscopy has been used in the management of retinal detachment, ischemic retinopathies with neovascular glaucoma, severe ocular trauma, endophthalmitis, lens-related disorders in the posterior segment, pediatric vitreoretinal diseases, and implantation of retinal prostheses.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the signal changes in choriocapillaris flow deficits and choroidal thickness changes using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) following different treatments.

Design: A double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Methods: Patients with unilateral chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) were randomised to receive subthreshold micropulse laser therapy (MLT) or half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT).

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Importance: To investigate the choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).

Background: To compare CT of TAO patients and healthy subjects.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study in a public hospital.

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There are various treatments for cystoid macular edema (CME) secondary to retinitis pigmentosa; however, the evidence for these treatments has not been previously systematically reviewed. Our review that includes 23 studies shows that oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (including acetazolamide and methazolamide) and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (dorzolamide and brinzolamide) are effective first-line treatments. In patients unresponsive to carbonic anhydrase inhibitor treatment, intravitreal steroids (triamcinolone acetonide and sustained-release dexamethasone implants), oral corticosteroid (deflazacort), intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor agents (ranibizumab and bevacizumab), grid laser photocoagulation, pars plana vitrectomy, or ketorolac were also effective in improving CME secondary to retinitis pigmentosa.

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Acute suppurative bacterial dacryoadenitis (ASBD) with abscess formation is rarely seen in clinical practice. A retrospective review of medical records in the past 8 years identified two unilateral cases in children, one developed presumably after methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) conjunctivitis and the other due to community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection. Computerized tomography scans showed globe indentation by the enlarged lacrimal glands with rim-enhancing lesions.

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Purpose: To investigate long-term efficacy and prognostic factors of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Design: Retrospective multicenter interventional case series.

Methods: Patients with chronic CSCR undergoing half-dose PDT between 2005 and 2011 were reviewed.

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The purpose of the study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy-scleral buckle (PPV-SB) versus pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). One thousand one hundred and seventy four patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery between January 2002 and December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with grade C PVR treated with either combined PPV-SB or PPV alone were included in the study.

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Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) are leading causes of irreversible blindness in developed countries. In this study, we investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade G, member 1 (SERPING1) gene with neovascular AMD and PCV. Two haplotype-tagging SNPs, rs1005510 and rs11603020, of SERPING1 were genotyped in 708 unrelated Chinese individuals: 200 neovascular AMD, 233 PCV and 275 controls.

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Objectives: To investigate the clinical outcomes of cataract surgery elderly adults.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two clustered hospitals.

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The purpose of this article is to highlight evidence about the medical and surgical management of intermediate uveitis (IU). Updated understandings of the immunopathology of IU were reviewed in this retrospective literature review. Literature selection for this review was based on the PubMed database (National Library of Medicine) and OVID database (Wolters Kluwer).

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Purpose: To study the effect of bicanalicular silicone intubation on endonasal endoscopic mechanical dacryocystorhinostomy (EEM-DCR) for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO).

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Participants: A total of 120 consecutive adults (103 females) with a presenting age of 64 ± 13.

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