Reinvestigating the pollution haven hypothesis: the nexus between foreign direct investments and environmental quality in G-20 countries.

One of the most commonly debated concerns regarding foreign direct investment inflows is the associated environmental adversities that accompany the influx of foreign funds. As a result, assessing the environmental impacts of foreign direct investment inflows is necessary for achieving environmentally friendly economic growth in the contemporary era. Accordingly, the global economies including the members of the Group of Twenty (G-20) should focus on attracting clean foreign direct investments.

Long-run equilibrium relationship between energy consumption and CO emissions: a dynamic heterogeneous analysis on North Africa.

Environmental protection and sustainable development are inextricably linked. This linkage is particularly crucial for North Africa, where the use of carbon-intensive energies has created environmental and economic challenges. Amazingly, limited studies on the connection between energy consumption and environmental quality has been conducted to help with policy options to minimize the above menace in the region.

Renal artery stenosis: prevalence of, risk factors for, and management of in-stent stenosis.

Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is common and is associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. More frequent use of percutaneous renal artery stent placement for the treatment of renal artery stenosis during the past 2 decades has increased the number of patients with implanted stents. In-stent stenosis is a serious problem, occurring more frequently than earlier reports suggest and potentially resulting in late complications.

Transmetallation and gadolinium: do low iron stores prevent the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in high-risk end-stage renal disease patients?

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a systemic disorder that occurs in patients with renal failure and manifests as a thickening of the skin and flexion contractures of the joints. The etiology may involve an exposure to a gadolinium (Gd)-based magnetic resonance contrast agent. It has been proposed that in hemodialysis (HD) patients, iron mobilization (decreased total iron-binding capacity, increased iron level, and transferrin oversaturation) causes a transmetallation reaction and the release of free Gd from its chelator with the deposition of both Gd and iron in the affected tissues leading to fibrosis.