Bile acids are mostly reabsorbed in the kidneys and not excreted in urine, primarily through a sodium-dependent transporter called ASBT in proximal tubular cells.
Male and female rats show significant differences in the accumulation and clearance of taurocholate, with males exhibiting higher uptake and clearance rates.
Estrogen appears to inhibit taurocholate transport in male rats, while testosterone treatment does not significantly affect female rats, suggesting that sex hormones play a role in how kidneys handle bile acids.