The Bone Bridge for Tibial ACL Graft Fixation: A Biomechanical Analysis of Different Tibial Fixation Methods for ACL Reconstruction.

Background: The tibial fixation site is considered the weak link in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and conflicting results regarding the biomechanical properties of various fixation methods have been reported.

Purpose: To examine knots tied over a bone bridge and its biomechanical properties as a suitable tibial fixation method in ACL reconstruction.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Salivary cortisol levels and stress in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities participating in the Structured Water Dance Intervention: a randomised controlled crossover trial.

The Structured Water Dance Intervention (SWAN) is a dance-oriented aquatic group activity directed to give opportunities for the joy of movement, relaxation, and reduced stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SWAN on salivary cortisol and stress in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). A total of 34 adults with PIMD at four habilitation centres in Sweden completed the SWAN intervention.

Effects of the Structured Water Dance Intervention (SWAN) on muscular hypertonia in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Structured Water Dance Intervention (SWAN) on muscular hypertonia in individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disability (PIMD). Muscular hypertonia has a multitude of negative consequences for people with PIMD because it can lead to contractures, pain, mobility impairment, pressure ulcers that limits functional behavior as well as gross and fine motor function. Thirty-six individuals with PIMD in four Swedish regions were randomized to two groups in a multicenter, crossover design.

Biomechanical Analysis of Coracoid Stability After Coracoplasty: How Low Can You Go?

Background: Arthroscopic coracoplasty is a procedure for patients affected by subcoracoid impingement. To date, there is no consensus on how much of the coracoid can be resected with an arthroscopic burr without compromising its stability.

Purpose: To determine the maximum amount of the coracoid that can be resected during arthroscopic coracoplasty without leading to coracoid fracture or avulsion of the conjoint tendon during simulated activities of daily living (ADLs).

Biomechanical Value of a Protective Proximal Humeral Cerclage in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is a commonly performed salvage procedure for failed proximal humeral fracture fixation. The rate of intraoperative periprosthetic fractures is higher compared to primary RSA. The goal of this study was to investigate the biomechanical value of a protective cerclage during stem impaction in a revision surgery setting.

Local heat generation during screw insertion into diaphyseal bone: a biomechanical study on different conditions (e.g. screw type, material, mode of insertion).

Background: The implantation of screws is a standard procedure in musculoskeletal surgery. Heat can induce thermal osteonecrosis, damage the bone and lead to secondary problems like implant loosening and secondary fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate whether screw insertion generates temperatures that can cause osteonecrosis.

The utility of goal attainment scaling in evaluating a structured water dance intervention for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Background: Adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) have problems to be actively involved in essential life activities that affect their health. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of goal attainment scaling (GAS) in evaluating an intervention for adults with PIMD, and to describe how the GAS goals were set according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains of body function as well as activity and participation.

Method: As part of an aquatic intervention (Structured water dance), 28 adults with PIMD received GAS goals which were adapted to their individual needs and which the intervention could affect.

Bone Staples Provide Favorable Primary Stability in Cortical Fixation of Tendon Grafts for Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: A Biomechanical Study.

Background: The use of the interference screw (IFS) for the cortical fixation of tendon grafts in knee ligament reconstruction may lead to converging tunnels in the multiligament reconstruction setting. It is unknown whether alternative techniques using modern suture anchor (SA) or bone staple (BS) fixation provide sufficient primary stability.

Purpose: To assess the primary stability of cortical fixation of tendon grafts for medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstruction using modern SA and BS methods in comparison with IFS fixation.

Tunnel Convergence Rate in Combined Anteromedial Portal Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Anterolateral Structure Reconstructions Is Influenced by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Knee Flexion Angle, Tunnel Position, and Direction.

Purpose: The goal of the present study was to evaluate a potential tunnel convergence in combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the anteromedial portal technique and lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET).

Methods: Ten fresh frozen femora were dissected and a K-wires were inserted into the middle of the ACL stump, according to an ACL reconstruction at 110° and 140° knee flexion. ACL reconstruction at 120° and 130° was simulated.

The forgotten fragment: additional lesser tuberosity fixation of 4-part proximal humeral fractures-a biomechanical investigation.

Background: Fractures of the proximal humerus are common. The most frequent surgical treatment option is open reduction and locking plate fixation. Multifragmentary fractures, including 3- and 4-part fractures, are especially challenging to treat because they correlate with an increased risk of fixation failure.

Double plating is associated with higher fixation strength than single plating in osteoporotic fractures of the scapular spine: a biomechanical study.

Introduction: The number of atraumatic stress fractures of the scapular spine associated with reverse shoulder arthroplasty is increasing. At present, there is no consensus regarding the optimal treatment strategy. Due to the already weakened bone, fractures of the scapular spine require a high fixation stability.

Glenoid concavity has a higher impact on shoulder stability than the size of a bony defect.

Purpose: Surgical treatment of shoulder instability caused by anterior glenoid bone loss is based on a critical threshold of the defect size. Recent studies indicate that the glenoid concavity is essential for glenohumeral stability. However, biomechanical proof of this principle is lacking.

Development and first biomechanical validation of a score to predict bone implant interface stability based on clinical qCT scans.

Sufficient implant anchoring in osteoporotic bone is one major challenge in trauma and orthopedic surgery. In these cases, preoperative planning of osteosynthesis is becoming increasingly important. This study presents the development and first biomechanical validation of a bone-implant-anchorage score based on clinical routine quantitative computer tomography (qCT) scans.

Medial collateral ligament reconstruction graft isometry is effected by femoral position more than tibial position.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the length change patterns of the native medial structures of the knee and determine the effect on graft length change patterns for different tibial and femoral attachment points for previously described medial reconstructions.

Methods: Eight cadaveric knee specimens were prepared by removing the skin and subcutaneous fat. The sartorius fascia was divided to allow clear identification of the medial ligamentous structures.

Confocal Microscopy Improves 3D Microdosimetry Applied to Nanoporation Experiments Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum.

In the last years, microdosimetric numerical models of cells including intracellular compartments have been proposed, aiming to investigate the poration induced by the application of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs). A limitation of such models was the extremely approximate cell and organelle shapes, leading to an incorrect estimation of the electric field or transmembrane potential distribution in the studied domain. In order to obtain a reliable model of experiments and a one-to-one comparison between experimental and simulated results, here, a realistic model of 12 human mesenchymal stem cells was built starting from their optical microscopy images where different cell compartments were highlighted.

Structured Water Dance Intervention (SWAN) for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: study protocol.

Background: People with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) have a combination of severe intellectual disability, extensive physical impairment, sensory impairments and medical health problems. There is, however, a lack of evidence-based physical and health-promoting interventions for people with PIMD.

Objective: Structured Water Dance Intervention (SWAN) is a new method developed to fill this gap.

Microsurgical reconstruction affects the outcome in a translational mouse model for Achilles tendon healing.

Background: Animal models are one of the first steps in translation of basic science findings to clinical practice. For tendon healing research, transgenic mouse models are important to advance therapeutic strategies. However, the small size of the structures complicates surgical approaches, histological assessment, and biomechanical testing.

Increased Collagen Turnover Impairs Tendon Microstructure and Stability in Integrin α2β1-Deficient Mice.

Integrins are a family of transmembrane proteins, involved in substrate recognition and cell adhesion in cross-talk with the extra cellular matrix. In this study, we investigated the influence of integrin α2β1 on tendons, another collagen type I-rich tissue of the musculoskeletal system. Morphological, as well as functional, parameters were analyzed in vivo and in vitro, comparing wild-type against integrin α2β1 deficiency.

Comparison of the Biomechanical Properties of the Advanta V12/iCast and Viabahn Stent-Grafts as Bridging Devices in Fenestrated Endografts: An In Vitro Study.

To compare experimentally the biomechanical properties of the Viabahn Balloon-Expandable Stent Graft (VBX) with the widely used Advanta V12/iCast in the role of bridging stent-grafts for fenestrated endovascular aortic repair. Test sheets made of polyester having 2 rows of 5 fenestrations in 6-mm and 8-mm diameters were used to simulate a commercially made fenestrated aortic endograft. In total, 40 stent-grafts measuring 6×39 mm and 8×39 mm (10 of each size for each stent-graft) were implanted in fenestration sheets immersed in a 37°C water bath.

Performance of BeGraft and BeGraft+ Stent-Grafts as Bridging Devices for Fenestrated Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: An In Vitro Study.

To investigate 2 generations of balloon-expandable covered stents as potential bridging devices using an in vitro model of stent-graft fenestrations. Twenty BeGraft and 20 BeGraft+ cobalt-chromium stents covered in expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) in 6- and 8-mm diameters were tested in sheets mimicking stent-graft fenestrations. Microscopy and radiography were employed to evaluate stent morphology after flaring.

Cryopreservation of tendon tissue using dimethyl sulfoxide combines conserved cell vitality with maintained biomechanical features.

Biomechanical research on tendon tissue evaluating new treatment strategies to frequently occurring clinical problems regarding tendon degeneration or trauma is of expanding scientific interest. In this context, storing tendon tissue deep-frozen is common practice to collect tissue and analyze it under equal conditions. The commonly used freezing medium, phosphate buffered saline, is known to damage cells and extracellular matrix in frozen state.

In Vitro Evaluation of the Gore Viabahn Balloon-Expandable Stent-Graft for Fenestrated Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and integrity of a new stent-graft as a potential bridging device in fenestrated stent-grafts using an in vitro fenestrated model.

Materials And Methods: Polyester test sheets with ten 6-mm- or 8-mm-diameter fenestrations were used to simulate a fenestrated main body endoprosthesis. In total, 50 Viabahn balloon-expandable (VBX) stent-grafts of varying lengths (29 and 39 mm) and diameters (6, 7, and 8 mm) were implanted in the fitting fenestrations.

Screws with larger core diameter and lower thread pitch increase the stability of locked plating in osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures.

Background: Little is known about the screw design as a factor for stability of the bone-implant interface in locking plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures. Aim of the present study was to analyze if locking screws with a large core diameter and a low thread pitch provide increased stability when compared to conventional locking screws.

Methods: 3-Part proximal humeral fractures were created in ten pairs of osteoporotic human cadaveric humeri and fixed with a locking plate.

Maximizing peak capacity and separation speed in liquid chromatography.

The practical effects of gradient time and flow rate on the peak capacities of a range of analytes of differing molecular weights (MWs) and physico-chemical properties have been evaluated using ultra high pressure LC instrumentation with sub-2 mum and superficially porous particle phases. Optimum peak capacity, in RP gradient LC, for small molecules, including typical pharmaceutical drugs and peptides with MWs up to 1300, was demonstrated at a maximum flow rate for a given gradient time (i.e.

Effects of electrogenetherapy with p53wt combined with cisplatin on curvival of human tumor cell lines with different p53 status.

The aim of our study was to evaluate electrogenetherapy with p53wt alone or combined with cisplatin on two colorectal (HT-29 and LoVo) and two prostatic (PC-3 and Du145) carcinoma cell lines with different p53 status. In addition, the feasibility of electrogenetherapy with p53wt was tested also in vivo on PC-3 prostatic cancer xenografts. Electrogenetherapy with p53wt was dependent on the p53 status of the cell lines used.