Material extrusion of thermoplastic acrylic for intraoral devices: Technical feasibility and evaluation.

With global demand for 3D printed medical devices on the rise, the search for safer, inexpensive, and sustainable methods is timely. Herein, we assessed the practicality of the material extrusion process for acrylic denture bases of which successful outcomes can be extended to implant surgical guides, orthodontic splints, impression trays, record bases and obturators for cleft palates or other maxillary defects. Representative materials comprising denture prototypes and test samples were designed and built with in-house polymethylmethacrylate filaments using varying print directions (PDs), layer heights (LHs) and reinforcements (RFs) with short glass fiber.

The Effect of Stacking on the Accuracy of 3D-Printed Full-Arch Dental Models.

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of stacking on the dimensional and full-arch accuracy of 3D-printed models, utilising a standardised assessment methodology. A previously validated methodology involving a standard tessellation language image (STL) reference model, comprising seven spheres on a horseshoe base resembling a dental arch, was used. Six 3D-designed STL models were prepared, optimised, and stacked horizontally using 3D Sprint software.

Accuracy of 3-Dimensionally Printed Full-Arch Dental Models: A Systematic Review.

The use of additive manufacturing in dentistry has exponentially increased with dental model construction being the most common use of the technology. Henceforth, identifying the accuracy of additively manufactured dental models is critical. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature and evaluate the accuracy of full-arch dental models manufactured using different 3D printing technologies.

Characterization of the Double Bond Conversion of Acrylic Resins for 3D Printing of Dental Prostheses.

Characterization of the double bond conversion of acrylic resins is considered critical in the evaluation of dental materials due to the propensity of end-use devices to accumulate residual monomer and degradation products that can cause local and systemic side effects in high doses. In this study, the authors examine two different acrylic-based photopolymers indicated for 3D printing of dental prostheses using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: a denture base material comprising ≥75% ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate, and a crown-and-bridge material composed of >60% proprietary methacrylic oligomer and 15%-25% 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Infrared spectroscopy data showed a conversion rate (240 s) of 52.

Toxicological assessment of additively manufactured methacrylates for medical devices in dentistry.

Unlabelled: The paucity of information on the biological risks of photopolymers in additive manufacturing is a major challenge for the uptake of the technology in the construction of medical devices in dentistry. In this paper, the biocompatibility of methacrylates for denture bases, splints, retainers and surgical guides were evaluated using the innovative zebrafish embryo model, which is providing a high potential for toxicity profiling of photopolymers and has high genetic similarity to humans. Toxicological data obtained confirmed gradations of toxicity influenced by ethanol treatment, exposure scenarios and extraction vehicles.

Additive Manufacturing: A Novel Method for Fabricating Cobalt-Chromium Removable Partial Denture Frameworks.

Additive manufacturing (AM) often referred to as 3D printing (3DP) has shown promise of being significantly viable in the construction of cobalt-chromium removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks. The current paper seeks to discuss AM technologies (photopolymerization processes and selective laser melting) and review their scope. The review also discusses the clinical relevance of cobalt-chromium RPD frameworks.