Comparison of Concentration- and Homology-Dependent Effects of the Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in a Bovine Chondrocyte Inflammation Model.

Inflammation models with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are widely used in the in vitro investigation of new therapeutic approaches for osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the influence of IL-1β in a 3D chondral pellet culture model. Bovine articular chondrocytes were cultured to passage 3 and then placed in pellet culture.

The influence of severity of hemophilia on bone mineral density and fracture risk.

Background: Evidence states that persons with hemophilia are frequently affected by low bone mineral density (BMD). Data assessing the relationship between severity of hemophilia and occurrence of osteoporosis are lacking.

Objectives: This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the impact of hemophilia severity on BMD and to investigate trabecular bone score (TBS) and fracture risk (FRAX).

TNFα-Related Chondrocyte Inflammation Models: A Systematic Review.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), as a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a central role in joint diseases. In recent years, numerous models of TNFα-induced cartilage inflammation have been developed. However, due to the significant differences between these models and the lack of consensus in their construction, it becomes difficult to compare the results of different studies.

Determination of body composition by dual x-ray absorptiometry in persons with haemophilia.

Background: There is limited research on body composition in persons with haemophilia (PwH). The literature describes an increased body fat distribution and decreased lean mass in PwH compared to healthy controls using bioimpedance analysis. Using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which is known to be the most accurate method, this investigation aims to postulate reference data for body composition parameters within haemophilia severity phenotypes and age groups.

Autofluorescence-based tissue characterization enhances clinical prospects of light-sheet-microscopy.

Light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) is a transformative imaging method that enables the visualization of non-dissected specimen in real-time 3D. Optical clearing of tissues is essential for LSFM, typically employing toxic solvents. Here, we test the applicability of a non-hazardous alternative, ethyl cinnamate (ECi).

Seroprevalence and Association of with Bone Health in a Cohort of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis Patients.

Considering the fact that is a common parasite of humans and bradyzoites can reside in skeletal muscle, -mediated immune responses may modulate the progression and pathophysiology of another musculoskeletal disorder, osteoporosis. In the current study, we investigated the association of bone health and infection status. A total of 138 patients living in Germany with either osteopenia or osteoporosis were included in the study, and they were categorized into two groups, uninfected ( = 74) and infected ( = 64), based on the presence of -specific IgG antibodies.

Neuropilin2 in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Potential Novel Therapeutic Target in Myelofibrosis.

Bone marrow fibrosis in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), MPN/MDS overlap syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor prognosis and early treatment failure. Myelofibrosis (MF) is accompanied by reprogramming of multipotent bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) into osteoid and fiber-producing stromal cells. We demonstrate NRP2 and osteolineage marker NCAM1 (neural cell adhesion molecule 1) expression within the endosteal niche in normal bone marrow and aberrantly in MPN, MDS MPN/MDS overlap syndromes and AML ( = 99), as assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Osteomyelitis is associated with increased anti-inflammatory response and immune exhaustion.

Introduction: Osteomyelitis (OMS) is a bone infection causing bone pain and severe complications. A balanced immune response is critical to eradicate infection without harming the host, yet pathogens manipulate immunity to establish a chronic infection. Understanding OMS-driven inflammation is essential for disease management, but comprehensive data on immune profiles and immune cell activation during OMS are lacking.

Effects of single and repeated shock wave application on the osteogenic differentiation potential of human primary mesenchymal stromal cells and the osteoblastic cell line MG63 .

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is a non-invasive and effective option for treating various musculoskeletal disorders. Recent literature indicates that the parameters for extracorporeal shock wave therapy, such as the optimal intensity, treatment frequency, and localization, are yet to be determined. Studies reporting on the effects of shock wave application on primary mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as well as osteoblastic cell lines are barely available and not standardized.

In Vitro Biocompatibility of the Novel Ceramic Composite Baghdadite for Defect Augmentation in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Biological augmentation of bony defects in weight-bearing areas of both the acetabulum and the femur remains challenging. The calcium-silicate-based ceramic Baghdadite is a very interesting material to be used in the field of revision total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of bony defects in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing areas alike. The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of Baghdadite utilizing an osteoblast-like, human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) and the human monocytic leukemia-derived cell line (THP-1).

The Influence of Sagittal Pin Angulation on the Stiffness and Pull-Out Strength of a Monolateral Fixator Construct.

Monolateral pin-to-bar-clamp fixators are commonly used to stabilize acute extremity injuries. Certain rules regarding frame geometry have been established that affect construct stability. The influence of sagittal pin angulation on construct stiffness and strength has not been investigated.

Immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in chondrocyte inflammation.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) affects a large percentage of the population worldwide. Current surgical and nonsurgical concepts for treating OA only result in symptom-modifying effects. However, there is no disease-modifying therapy available.

A Worldwide Analysis of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction in Orthopedics: Current Evidence and Applications.

The biological enhancement of tissue regeneration and healing is an appealing perspective in orthopedics. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to describe the global distribution of studies investigating the use of adipose tissue derivates in orthopedics and to provide information on their quality and on the products available. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS) and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials.

Methods of Conservative Intra-Articular Treatment for Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Knee.

Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is becoming increasingly common as the population ages. Conservative treatment for hip or knee osteoarthritis has been limited to pain control. Intra-articular injections for targeted local treatment have been widely used in clinical practice for many years.

Value of Diagnostic Tools in the Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis: Pilot Study to Establish an Osteomyelitis Score.

Osteomyelitis (OM) remains one of the most feared complications in bone surgery and trauma. Its diagnosis remains a major challenge due to lack of guidelines. The aim of this study was to prospectively analyze the value of the most common and available diagnostic tools and to establish an OM score to derive treatment recommendations.

Longitudinal Radiographic Bone Density Measurement in Revision Hip Arthroplasty and Its Correlation with Clinical Outcome.

The subjective analysis of conventional radiography represents the principal method for bone diagnostics in endoprosthetics. Alternative objective quantitative methods are described but not commonly used. Therefore, semi-quantitative methods are tested using digital computation and artificial intelligence to standardize, simplify, and ultimately improve the assessment.

Agonistic and antagonistic targeting of immune checkpoint molecules differentially regulate osteoclastogenesis.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are used in the treatment of various cancers and have been extensively researched with regard to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, this revolutionary therapeutic strategy often provokes critical auto-inflammatory adverse events, such as inflammatory reactions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, nervous, and skeletal systems. Because the function of these immunomodulatory co-receptors is highly cell-type specific and the role of macrophages as osteoclast precursors is widely published, we aimed to analyze the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors on these bone-resorbing cells.

[Physiological reactions in the interface between cementless implants and bone].

Background: Surgical treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and persisting symptoms under conservative therapy has become increasingly important against the background of an aging population.

Objectives: What are the physiological reactions in the interface between cementless implants and bone?

Methods: The literature is reviewed, expert opinions and animal models are analyzed and discussed.

Results: Surface coating of implants with hydroxyapatite or titanium can have positive effects on osteointegration.

The Validity of Motion Capture Analysis System against the Gold Standard Long-Standing Radiography in the Measurement of Lower Extremity Alignment.

Motion capture analysis (MCA) has the advantage of providing a static and dynamic leg axis analysis without radiation. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evidence regarding the accuracy of this technique. To test whether mechanical femorotibial axis angle (MAA) measurement recorded with a non-invasive MCA system is equal to the gold standard static long-standing full-leg radiographs (LSX) and if the degree of malalignment or other parameters (BMI, body mass, height, age) influence the accuracy, a total of 102 consecutive patients were examined using LSX and MCA.

Biologic principles of minced cartilage implantation: a narrative review.

Cartilage tissue has a very limited ability to regenerate. Symptomatic cartilage lesions are currently treated by various cartilage repair techniques. Multiple treatment techniques have been proposed in the last 30 years.

Immune tolerance against infused FVIII in hemophilia A is mediated by PD-L1+ Tregs.

A major complication of hemophilia A therapy is the development of alloantibodies (inhibitors) that neutralize intravenously administered coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Immune tolerance induction therapy (ITI) by repetitive FVIII injection can eradicate inhibitors, and thereby reduce morbidity and treatment costs. However, ITI success is difficult to predict and the underlying immunological mechanisms are unknown.