Publications by authors named "Francoise Briet"
Introduction: Previous studies have documented a high frequency of endotoxemia associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Endotoxemia may be responsible for some of the complications associated with cardiac surgery. The purpose of the study was to examine the prevalence of endotoxemia during cardiopulmonary bypass supported aortocoronary bypass grafting surgery (ACB) using a new assay, the Endotoxin Activity Assay (EAA), and explore the association between endotoxemia and post-operative infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Hemodilution in perioperative patients has been associated with neurological morbidity and increased mortality by undefined mechanisms. This study assesses whether hemodilutional anemia up-regulated inflammatory cerebral gene expression (microarray) to help define the mechanism.
Methods: Hemodilution was performed in anesthetized rats by exchanging 50% of the estimated blood volume (30 mL kg(-1)) with pentastarch.
Liver cirrhosis is associated with malnutrition and often, after liver transplantation, with the development of obesity and the inability to gain lean body mass. We have previously shown that peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) complex I activity could be an appropriate marker for nutritional assessment. In this context, we hypothesized that a low pretransplant PBMNC complex I activity may predict a poor nutritional status in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: We evaluated the impact of triple nutrient supplementation (TNS: carnitine, taurine and coenzyme Q(10)) vs. carnitine alone (CARN) or placebo on survival, infarct size, cardiac function and metabolic gene expression using a model of myocardial infarction (MI) in rats.
Methods And Results: Male Wistar rats were randomized to three groups divided in two independent studies prior to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD): TNS vs.
Objective: Hemodilution and endothelial nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphism may contribute to cerebral and renal injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. This study tested the hypothesis that cardiopulmonary bypass and anemia stimulate an increase in cerebral and renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expression in an experimental model of cardiopulmonary bypass.
Methods: Anesthetized rats underwent a sham procedure without cardiopulmonary bypass (sham, n = 5), normothermic bypass for 1 hour (CPB, n = 7), or bypass plus hemodilutional anemia (CPB anemia, n = 9).
Background: We showed previously that the activity of complex I (the first enzyme of the electron transport chain) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells decreases with malnutrition and increases to a subnormal value after 1 wk of refeeding, but the traditional markers of nutritional status do not do so.
Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain whether a period of nutritional intervention longer than 1 wk would normalize complex I activity and traditional markers of nutritional status.
Design: Fifteen malnourished patients (7 women and 8 men) with > or =10% body weight loss over the previous 6 mo were studied on the day of their admission to hospital and 7, 14 and 30 d after the beginning of nutritional support.
Background: Previous investigations in rats have shown that the first enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (complex I) is altered in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and muscle by dietary manipulations.
Objective: We hypothesized that similar changes would occur in human PBMCs as a result of dietary malnutrition and short-term refeeding irrespective of the presence or absence of active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Design: Fourteen malnourished patients with active IBD, 13 malnourished patients without IBD, and 42 healthy subjects were investigated.