The Dual-specificity Phosphatase 3 (DUSP3): A Potential Target Against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical challenge faced by clinicians in kidney transplantation. I/R is the leading cause of acute kidney injury, and it occurs when blood flow to the kidney is interrupted and subsequently restored. I/R impairs renal function in both short and long terms.

Performance of an interstitial glucose monitoring device in patients with type 1 diabetes during haemodialysis.

Background: The use of interstitial glucose monitoring devices such as flash glucose monitoring has been shown to be beneficial in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, these devices have been little studied in patients with diabetes treated by chronic haemodialysis (HD).

Methods: The goal of this prospective, observational, multicentric study was to evaluate the analytical performance of the FreeStyle Libre 2 (FSL2) sensor in T1DM patients during HD sessions.

Allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in kidney transplantation: should repeated human leukocyte antigen mismatches be avoided?

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory properties and are therefore considered promising tools in kidney transplantation. Although most studies have been conducted with autologous MSCs, using allogeneic MSCs as an off-the-shelf product is more feasible in clinical settings. However, allogeneic MSCs could potentially induce an immune response, which might eventually be directed towards the kidney allograft because of shared human leukocyte antigen (HLA) epitope mismatches between the kidney and MSC donor.

[English Title : Treatment of membranous nephropathy].

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. In recent years, many progresses have been made, both in terms of diagnosis and treatment. For diagnosis, the discovery of new antigens and diseases that may be associated with MN led to the establishment of a new classification of MNs.

The uptake of [F]-fluorodeoxyglucose by the renal allograft correlates with the acute Banff scores of cortex inflammation but not with the 1-year graft outcomes.

Introduction: [F]FDG PET/CT noninvasively disproves acute kidney allograft rejection (AR) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with suspected AR. However, the correlation of biopsy-based Banff vs. PET/CT-based scores of acute inflammation remains unknown, as does the prognostic performance of [F]FDG PET/CT at one year suspected AR.

RRAGD-Associated Autosomal Dominant Kidney Hypomagnesemia with Cardiomyopathy: A Review on the Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Options.

Background: A hereditary condition primarily affecting the kidneys and heart has newly been identified: the RRAGD-associated autosomal dominant kidney hypomagnesemia with cardiomyopathy (ADKH-RRAGD). This disorder is characterized by renal loss of magnesium and potassium, coupled with varying degrees of cardiac dysfunction. These range from arrhythmias to severe dilated cardiomyopathy, which may require heart transplantation.

[Prevention of preeclampsia and its complications].

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition characterized by gestational hypertension associated with proteinuria or organ dysfunction after 20 weeks of gestation. It complicates 2 to 8 % of pregnancies worldwide and represents the leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality in developed countries. The only definitive treatment remains termination of pregnancy and delivery of the placenta.

[Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy].

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a renal complication occurring after the administration of iodinated contrast agents routinely used in medical imaging. CIN causes acute renal failure of varying severity. The pathophysiology of CIN is probably multifactorial: it involves (i) renal vasoconstriction inducing tissue hypoxia, and (ii) a possible direct toxicity of iodine derivatives leading to tubular inflammation and necrosis.

[Non-pharmacological prevention of chronic kidney disease].

Preventing chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health objective. CKD leads to significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with a negative impact on quality of life and significant societal repercussions. Several drugs are effective in preventing and curbing CKD, including blockers of the renin/angiotensin/aldosterone system and inhibitors of the SGLT2 co-transporter.

Clinical practice recommendations for kidney involvement in tuberous sclerosis complex: a consensus statement by the ERKNet Working Group for Autosomal Dominant Structural Kidney Disorders and the ERA Genes & Kidney Working Group.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the presence of proliferative lesions throughout the body. Management of TSC is challenging because patients have a multifaceted systemic illness with prominent neurological and developmental impact as well as potentially severe kidney, heart and lung phenotypes; however, every organ system can be involved. Adequate care for patients with TSC requires a coordinated effort involving a multidisciplinary team of clinicians and support staff.

[Renal manifestations of syphilis].

Syphilis is an acquired or congenital systemic pathology, currently on the rise in Europe. The clinical manifestations of syphilis are not very specific and variable over time. In this case report, we describe two renal presentations of syphilis in patients followed in a Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) program for the prevention of HIV infection.

Standardized 4-point scoring scale of [F]-FDG PET/CT imaging helps in the diagnosis of renal and hepatic cyst infections in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a validation cohort.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is prone to multiple complications, including cyst infection (CyI). 2-Deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([F]-FDG PET/CT) imaging has proved useful in the diagnosis of renal and hepatic CyI. A 4-point scale comparing the uptake of [F]-FDG in the suspected infected cyst versus the hepatic physiological background has been recently proposed.

[Pneumococcal vaccination among at-risk groups with comorbidities : guidelines from the "Belgian Superior Health Council" and reimbursement criteria].

Streptococcus pneumoniae infections cause community-acquired pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease such as sepsis and acute meningitis. In the adult population, the risk of severe infections, which can be lethal, is particularly high among people aged above 65 years and subgroups with comorbidities. Pneumococcal vaccines underwent progressive improvement and a new conjugated vaccine targeting 20 serotypes (PCV20) is now available.

[Diagnostic approach to rhabdomyolysis].

Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical syndrome related to the damage of skeletal muscle. The symptomatology is often poor, but it classically includes muscle weakness, myalgia and red-brown urine. The causes may be multiple but are most frequently traumatic : the so-called "crush syndrome".

Targeted deletion of von-Hippel-Lindau in the proximal tubule conditions the kidney against early diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Glomerular hyperfiltration and albuminuria subject the proximal tubule (PT) to a subsequent elevation of workload, growth, and hypoxia. Hypoxia plays an ambiguous role in the development and progression of DKD and shall be clarified in our study.

The Effect of Elective Ligation of the Arteriovenous Fistula on Cardiac and Renal Functions in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Key Points: Surgical AVF ligation in KTRs is associated with a significant increase in diastolic BP while systolic BP remains stable. AVF closure in KTRs leads to an improvement of LV and LA morphology and a decrease in serum NT-proBNP levels. There is no significant effect of AVF ligation on kidney allograft function: The eGFR remains stable over time.

[Multifocal tuberculosis despite immunocompetence].

Tuberculosis is one of the deadliest infectious disease. Its annual incidence was 10 million cases in 2019. We report the case of a 40 years old immunocompetent patient presenting with two large subcutaneous masses in his back.

[Delayed graft function : an ongoing clinical challenge].

Delayed Graft Function (DGF) is defined as the need for dialysis during the first week after transplantation. DGF is frequent and mostly derived from the ischemia/reperfusion cascade to which the graft is subjected throughout the transplantation process. A graft biopsy is recommended after 7 days of DGF to exclude an episode of acute rejection.

Radiotherapy Advances in Renal Disease-Focus on Renal Ischemic Preconditioning.

Ionizing irradiation is widely applied as a fundamental therapeutic treatment in several diseases. Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a global public health problem with major morbidity and mortality. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the main cause of AKI.

Pathophysiology of the Nondipping Blood Pressure Pattern.

The nondipping blood pressure (BP) pattern corresponds to a disruption in the circadian BP rhythm with an insufficient decrease in BP levels during nighttime sleep as observed using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Patients with nondipping BP pattern have poorer renal and cardiovascular outcomes, independent of their average 24-hour BP levels. The pathophysiology of nondipping BP is complex and involves numerous mechanisms: perturbations of (1) the circadian rhythm, (2) the autonomic nervous system, and (3) water and sodium regulation.

The prospective screening for SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 antibodies delineates the factual incidence of COVID-19 and shows a sustained serological response COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: The impact of immunosuppression on the occurrence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted a prospective screening of anti-S1/S2 IgGs against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein from March, 1 2020 to May, 15 2021 (prior to the vaccination campaign) in a cohort of 713 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). In a first phase, the factual incidence and seroprevalence of COVID-19 was established in this cohort: cases diagnosed by serology were added to RT-PCR-based diagnoses to obtain the overall incidence of COVID-19 in both symptomatic and asymptomatic KTRs.