Assessment of the Grisotti oncoplastic procedure for the management of central breast tumors.

Introduction: The Grisotti technique consists to excise central breast tumor with nipple areolar and mobilize a dermo-glandular flap which is de-epithelized in order to reshape the breast and recreate an areola. The objective was to assess oncological results, postoperative side-effects, and patient and surgeon satisfaction rates resulting from this technique.

Materials And Methods: From September 2016 to December 2019, 38 patients have been treated with a central breast tumor using the Grisotti technique.

Clinical evaluation of a device providing simultaneous white-light and fluorescence video streams as well as panoramic imaging during fluorescence assisted-transurethral resection of bladder cancer.

The current clinical study is aimed at evaluating the clinical relevance of an innovative device (called CyPaM2 device) that for the first time provides urologists with (i) a panoramic image of the bladder inner wall within the surgery time, and with (ii) a simultaneous (bimodal) display of fluorescence and white-light video streams during the fluorescence assisted-transurethral resection of bladder cancers procedure. The clinical relevance of this CyPaM2 device was evaluated on 10 patients according to three criteria (image quality, fluorescent lesions detection relevance, and ergonomics) compared with a reference medical device. Innovative features displayed by the CyPaM2 device were evaluated without any possible comparison: (i) simultaneous bimodal display of white-light and fluorescence video streams, (ii) remote light control, and (iii) time delay for the panoramic image building.

Sentinel lymph node identification using superparamagnetic iron oxide particles versus radioisotope: The French Sentimag feasibility trial.

Background And Objectives: The French Sentimag feasibility trial evaluated a new method for the localization of breast cancer sentinel lymph node (SLN) using Sienna+®, superparamagnetic iron oxide particles, and Sentimag® detection in comparison to the standard technique (isotopes ± blue dye).

Methods: We conducted a prospective multicentric paired comparison trial on 115 patients. SLN localization was performed using both the magnetic technique and the standard method.

Photodynamic therapy relieves colitis and prevents colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases are incurable illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract, which substantially enhance the risk of developing colorectal carcinogenesis. Conventional photodynamic therapy is a clinically approved therapeutic modality used in the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that photodynamic therapy with low doses of photosensitizer and/or light improves inflammatory conditions, including colitis.

Multifunctional ultrasmall nanoplatforms for vascular-targeted interstitial photodynamic therapy of brain tumors guided by real-time MRI.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for brain tumors appears to be complementary to conventional treatments. A number of studies show the major role of the vascular effect in the tumor eradication by PDT. For interstitial PDT (iPDT) of brain tumors guided by real-time imaging, multifunctional nanoparticles consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) peptide and encapsulated photosensitizer and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, have been designed.

Targeted photodynamic therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: heading into the future.

The aim of this article is to give an insight into the future of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Through the combination of a photosensitizing agent with light and oxygen, PDT produces highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species leading to selective tumor eradication. PDT is an attractive treatment for focal therapy of localized tumors, especially in the case of unresectable tumors.

[Nodes Dissections. What's up and what is at stake?].

Radical nodes dissection has a diagnostic value and can play a part in the treatment. Its interest could be questionable according to efficacy of the associated treatments either adjuvant or neo-adjuvant. Above all, sentinel node dissection allows to avoid a radical dissection with deleterious effects.

Factors affecting the selectivity of nanoparticle-based photoinduced damage in free and xenografted chorioallantoïc membrane model.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment modality for selective destruction of tumours. Critical anatomical structures, like blood vessels in close proximity to the tumour, could be harmed during PDT.

Purpose: This study aims to discriminate the photoinduced response of normal and cancerous tissues to photodamage induced by liposomal formulations of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC).

Photodynamic therapy with conventional and PEGylated liposomal formulations of mTHPC (temoporfin): comparison of treatment efficacy and distribution characteristics in vivo.

A major challenge in the application of a nanoparticle-based drug delivery system for anticancer agents is the knowledge of the critical properties that influence their in vivo behavior and the therapeutic performance of the drug. The effect of a liposomal formulation, as an example of a widely-used delivery system, on all aspects of the drug delivery process, including the drug's behavior in blood and in the tumor, has to be considered when optimizing treatment with liposomal drugs, but that is rarely done. This article presents a comparison of conventional (Foslip®) and polyethylene glycosylated (Fospeg®) liposomal formulations of temoporfin (meta-tetra[hydroxyphenyl]chlorin) in tumor-grafted mice, with a set of comparison parameters not reported before in one model.

Surface chemistry architecture of silica nanoparticles determine the efficiency of in vivo fluorescence lymph node mapping.

Near-infrared (NIR) imaging of the lymphatic system offers a sensitive, versatile, and accurate lymph node mapping to locate the first, potentially metastatic, draining nodes in the operating room. Many luminescent nanoprobes have received great attention in this field, and the design of nontoxic and bright nanosystems is of crucial importance. Fluorescent NIR-emitting dye doped silica nanoparticles represent valuable platforms to fulfill these scopes, providing sufficient brightness, resistance to photobleaching, and hydrophilic nontoxic materials.

Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with CO(2) laser vaporization and excision surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the recurrence rate after a single treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) with CO(2) laser vaporization.

Materials And Methods: Fifty women with usual-type or differentiated VIN (grades 2 and 3) treated with CO(2) laser vaporization or surgery excision (cold knife or CO(2) laser) were retrospectively evaluated.

Results: Of the 50 patients, 41 (82.

Visualisation of sentinel lymph node with indium-based near infrared emitting Quantum Dots in a murine metastatic breast cancer model.

Due to its non-invasiveness, high temporal resolution and lower cost, fluorescence imaging is an interesting alternative to the current method (blue dye and radiocolloid) of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in breast cancer. Near-infrared (NIR) emitting cadmium-based Quantum Dots (QDs) could be used for this purpose; however, their wide application is limited because of the toxicity of heavy metals composing the core. Our recent work demonstrated that indium-based QDs exhibit a weak acute local toxicity in vivo compared to their cadmium-based counterparts.

Fluorescence diagnosis of bladder cancer: a novel in vivo approach using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dendrimers.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Fluorescence cystoscopy with hexylaminolevulinate (h-ALA, Hexvix®) is known to improve tumour detection in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, specificity is relatively low and the intensity of the observed fluorescence signal decreases over time due to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) efflux. This study evaluates in an in vivo model the use of a dendritic 5-aminolevulinic acid compound for fluorescence diagnosis.

Photodynamic therapy of malignant brain tumours: a complementary approach to conventional therapies.

The poor outcome of primary malignant brain tumours is predominantly due to local invasion and local recurrence and their prognosis is highly dependent on the degree of resection. They have no border and, at best, a marginal zone that remains invisible to the surgeon. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be an interesting modality to fill the need for a targeted treatment that may reduce recurrence and extend survival with minimal side effects.

Interaction of liposomal formulations of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (temoporfin) with serum proteins: protein binding and liposome destruction.

mTHPC is a non polar photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy. To improve its solubility and pharmacokinetic properties, liposomes were proposed as drug carriers. Binding of liposomal mTHPC to serum proteins and stability of drug carriers in serum are of major importance for PDT efficacy; however, neither was reported before.

Aptamers as remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.

Nucleic acid aptamers are molecules that are being used in a large number of biomedical applications. Aptamers have the properties to bind to a wide range of molecules with high specificity and affinity for their target. These properties together with their small size and their ease of synthesis make them very attractive and promising for targeting diseases and therapeutic applications.

Foslip®-based photodynamic therapy as a means to improve wound healing.

Background: Collagen matrices as substitution for connective tissue are known to promote wound healing. Photodynamic therapy has been anecdotally associated with improved wound healing and reduced scarring. The present study investigates the impact of collagen based scaffolding material, embedded with a liposomal formulation of meta-tetra (hydroxyphenyl) chlorin (mTHPC, Foslip(®)) and photodynamic therapy on wound healing in mice.

mTHPC-based photodynamic therapy induction of autophagy and apoptosis in cultured cells in relation to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), an approved anticancer treatment, is reported as a potent inducer of programmed cell death (PCD) by both apoptosis and autophagy. The present study investigated the kinetics of both autophagy and caspase activation in MCF-7 cells submitted to mTHPC-PDT upon condition of treatment promoting ER accumulation of mTHPC. Fluence-dependent immediate cytochrome c (cyt C) release followed by caspase-9 and -7 activation at 1 h post-PDT evidenced a mitochondrial oxidative stress triggered by high light doses leading to >90% of cell death.

Diagnostic performance of one-step nucleic acid amplification for intraoperative sentinel node metastasis detection in breast cancer patients.

The purpose of this prospective multicenter study was to assess one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) for intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis detection in breast cancer patients, using final histology as the reference standard. OSNA results were also compared to intraoperative histology SLN evaluation and to standard clinicopathological risk markers. For this study, fresh SLNs were cut in four blocks, and alternate blocks were used for OSNA and histology.

Functionalized silica-based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy.

Aim: The strategy developed aims to favor the vascular effect of photodynamic therapy by targeting tumor-associated vascularization using peptide-functionalized nanoparticles. We previously described the conjugation of a photosensitizer to a peptide targeting neuropilin-1 overexpressed in tumor angiogenic vessels.

Materials & Methods: In this study, we have designed and photophysically characterized a multifunctional nanoparticle consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting peptides and encapsulated photodynamic therapy and imaging agents.

Quantum dot-folic acid conjugates as potential photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy of cancer.

This study examined the in vitro potential of bioconjugated quantum dots (QDs) as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). According to our previous approaches using photosensitizers, folic acid appears to be an optimal targeting ligand for selective delivery of attached therapeutic agents to cancer tissues. We synthesized hydrophilic near infrared emitting CdTe(S)-type QDs conjugated with folic acid using different spacers.

Stability of peptides and therapeutic success in cancer.

Introduction: Although naturally occurring peptides have been widely used as drugs, their rapid in vivo degradation by proteolysis and their interactions at multiple receptors are part of the reason for the limitation of their clinical applications.

Areas Covered: This paper reviews peptide-metabolizing enzymes in the brain and intestinal brush-border membranes, and discusses potential strategies to improve biological activity, specificity and stability of peptides. The reader will gain, via some examples, an appreciation of the challenges involved in identifying peptides stability to improve their biological properties such as selectivity.

Polyelectrolyte microcapsules with entrapped multicellular tumor spheroids as a novel tool to study the effects of photodynamic therapy.

In the current study, semi-permeable alginate-oligochitosan microcapsules for multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) generation were elaborated and tested, to estimate a response of the microencapsulated MTS (MMTS) to photodynamic therapy (PDT). The microcapsules (mean diameter 600 μm) with entrapped human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells were obtained using an electrostatic bead generator, and MMTS were generated by in vitro long-term cell cultivation. The formed MMTS were incubated in Chlorin e6 photosensitizer solution and then irradiated using 650-nm laser light.