Radiofrequency tongue reduction through a cervical approach: a pilot study.

Objective/hypothesis: The objective of this prospective cohort study was to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of radiofrequency tongue base reduction through a cervical approach in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: Patients with moderate to severe OSAS and predominant tongue base obstruction by physical examination were included at our institution from 1999 to 2003. A sonogram was obtained to identify the lingual arteries, and an electrode was inserted through the neck and into the tongue under fluoroscopic guidance.

Radiofrequency in the treatment of craniofacial plexiform neurofibromatosis: a pilot study.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 manifests itself by the development of plexiform neurofibromas, with craniofacial deformities caused by bone alterations and soft-tissue infiltration. The medical treatment of this disease is disappointing, and the surgical management of these deformities calls for aggressive procedures. There is a strong risk of recurrence.

Surgical strategy in the treatment of globe protrusion depending on its mechanism (Graves' disease, nonsyndromic exorbitism, or high myopia).

Background: Graves' ophthalmopathy affects orbital contents and eyelids. Protrusion of the globe can also be the result of myopia and/or an abnormal orbit shape, which is responsible for nonsyndromic exorbitism. It is necessary to recognize these components of protrusion to treat patients adequately.

Orbital morphology in exophthalmos and exorbitism.

Background: Exophthalmos is a protrusion of the eyeball due to an increase in orbital contents in a normal bony orbit. Exorbitism is a protrusion of the eyeball due to a decrease in capacity of the orbital container, with a normal orbital content volume such as seen in a congenital form termed nonsyndromic exorbitism. High myopia can enhance proptosis.