[Emergent and reemergent infectious diseases].

Emergent and reemergent infectious diseases. The notion of emerging and re-emerging infection has been developed recently, even if it rests on an already former concept. The emergence is doubtless delicate to define but can globally be an infectious disease by which the real incidence increases for a population and a geographical zone given to a period of time.

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Under diverse pretexts the vaccination sees itself controversial in particular in France, and it in a increasing way. This establishes a real problem of public health. The doubt which settles down in the population becomes source of grave potential risk in the fight against the infectious diseases.

Delayed-onset hemolytic anemia in patients with travel-associated severe malaria treated with artesunate, France, 2011-2013.

Artesunate is the most effective treatment for severe malaria. However, delayed-onset hemolytic anemia has been observed in ≈20% of travelers who receive artesunate, ≈60% of whom require transfusion. This finding could discourage physicians from using artesunate.

Vaccine knowledge in students in Paris, France, and surrounding regions.

Introduction: In France, young adults are legally freed from parental authority at the age of 18 years and are, thus, responsible for their own vaccine record. This young adult population is more frequently exposed to vaccine-preventable infectious diseases.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with students' knowledge of the interval between two antitetanus boosters and their report of having up-to-date vaccinations.

Postartesunate delayed hemolysis is a predictable event related to the lifesaving effect of artemisinins.

Patients with severe malaria treated with artesunate sometimes experience a delayed hemolytic episode. Artesunate (AS) induces pitting, a splenic process whereby dead parasites are expelled from their host erythrocytes. These once-infected erythrocytes then return to the circulation.

Travel-related leptospirosis: a series of 15 imported cases.

Background: Leptospirosis belongs to the spectrum of travel-related infections.

Methods: We retrospectively studied all the consecutive cases of travel-related leptospirosis seen in our department between January 2008 and September 2011. Patients were included with a clinical picture compatible with the disease within 21 days after return, the presence of a thermoresistant antigen or IgM antibodies, Elisa ≥ 1 /400, and a positive microagglutination test (MAT) ≥ 1/100.

Longitudinal and integrative biomodeling of effector and memory immune compartments after inactivated influenza vaccination.

Most vaccines, including those against influenza, were developed by focusing solely on humoral response for protection. However, vaccination activates different adaptive compartments that might play a role in protection. We took advantage of the pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza vaccination to conduct a longitudinal integrative multiparametric analysis of seven immune parameters in vaccinated subjects.

[Imported severe falciparum malaria in France in 2000-2011: epidemiological trends and the need for new treatments].

In France malaria is monitored by the Centre National de Référence (CNR) du Paludisme (French National Malaria Reference Centre). The annual incidence of imported malaria currently ranges from 4 800 to 3 500 cases and has fallen gradually since 2000. However, the proportion of patients with severe P.

Seroconversion of neurocysticercosis occurring after anti-helminthic treatment.

We report two cases of symptomatic neurocysticercosis in two migrants whose negative serology delayed appropriate treatment for 9 and 6 months, respectively. Seroconversion occurred after treatment, which was associated with paradoxical reaction in one patient. Long-term outcome was good in both patients.

Amebic liver abscess diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction in 14 returning travelers.

Amebic liver abscesses (ALA) are not commonly described in travelers. The ALA diagnosis is usually based on serology and Entamoeba histolytica polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a new tool. We retrospectively reviewed all ALA cases diagnosed by PCR on the liver abscess pus aspirate of patients admitted in 4 teaching hospitals in Paris, France between 2007 and 2011.

Real time identification of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) through daily screening of ALT results: a prospective pilot cohort study.

Objective: Identification of drug-induced liver disease (DILI) is difficult, even among hospitalized patients. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the impact of a specific strategy for DILI screening.

Design: We prospectively compared the number of acute DILI cases identified in one week of a proactive strategy based on centralized elevated ALT values to those identified with a standard of care strategy for 24-week period based on referral cases to the hepatology unit.

[Antibiotherapy of infectious endocarditis].

Antibiotherapy is the pillar of the infectious endocarditis treatment. Bactericidal drugs must be used and their choice has to be adapted to bacterial sensitivity. The duration of treatment, traditionaly lengthy, especially in prosthetic valve endocarditis, depends on bacteria and has been shortened in some guidelines because of the combination of aminoglycoside.