Treatment with topiramate in rats during childhood causes testicular structural impairment at adulthood.

Topiramate (TOP) is a psychotropic drug prescribed for the treatment of epilepsy in children older than 2 years of age and for migraine prophylaxis in adolescents. There is evidence that TOP promotes negative effects on the reproductive system of male rats. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and late treatment effects of TOP during childhood and adolescence on the male rat reproductive system.

A Standard Procedure for In Vitro Digestion Using Rumen Fermenters: A Collaborative Study.

Our objective was to propose and evaluate a standard procedure for the evaluation of in vitro dry matter digestibility for ruminant feeds, using artificial fermenters. A collaborative study was performed with seven feed analysis laboratories and four feeds (Tifton 85 hay, corn silage, soybean hulls, and soybean meal). Two types of artificial fermenters were evaluated (DaisyII Ankom and TE-150 Tecnal).

Impact of COVID-19 on gender gap in dental publications: a retrospective cohort with three Brazilian journals.

This was a retrospective cohort study to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the gender gap in articles submitted to three international dental journals based in Brazil. All submissions performed to Brazilian Dental Journal, Brazilian Oral Research, and Journal of Applied Oral Science before (2019) and during the pandemic (2020) were assessed. Gender of the first, last, and corresponding authors were collected.

Food availability and affordability in a Mediterranean urban context: associations by store type and area-level socio-economic status.

Objective: Although food environments have been highlighted as potentially effective targets to improve population diets, evidence on Mediterranean food environments is lacking. We examined differences in food availability and affordability in Madrid (Spain) by store type and area-level socio-economic status (SES).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

The Demoralization Interview: Reliability and validity of a new brief diagnostic measure among medically ill patients.

Background: Demoralization is a state of low morale and poor coping that is being increasingly recognized in stressful circumstances, such as illness. Meta-analyses show prevalence of 30% in the medically and 50% in the mentally ill. A brief structured diagnostic interview is needed to assess for and diagnose demoralization.

Layer-by-layer assembly of CsPbX nanocrystals into large-scale homostructures.

Advances in surface chemistry of CsPbX (where X = Cl, Br or I) nanocrystals (NCs) enabled the replacement of native chain ligands in solution. However, there are few reports on ligand exchange carried out on CsPbX NC thin films. Solid-state ligand exchange can improve the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the film and promote a change in solubility of the solid surface, thus enabling multiple depositions of subsequent nanocrystal layers.

CuATSM effectively ameliorates ALS patient astrocyte-mediated motor neuron toxicity in human in vitro models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Patient diversity and unknown disease cause are major challenges for drug development and clinical trial design for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Transgenic animal models do not adequately reflect the heterogeneity of ALS. Direct reprogramming of patient fibroblasts to neuronal progenitor cells and subsequent differentiation into patient astrocytes allows rapid generation of disease relevant cell types.

Understanding how alcohol environment influences youth drinking: A concept mapping study among university students.

The aim of the study was to identify the environmental factors that influence alcohol consumption, according to university students, and assess the relative importance and the frequency attributed to each factor. A study using Concept Mapping methodology was performed with a sample of nursing students, who participated in two face-to-face data collection sessions. In session 1, a consensus about the environmental aspects that influence their alcohol consumption was obtained.

First-Line Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists : A Cost-Effectiveness Study.

Background: Guidelines recommend sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor agonists as second-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes. Expanding their use as first-line therapy has been proposed but the clinical benefits may not outweigh their costs.

Objective: To evaluate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of a strategy of first-line SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP1 receptor agonists.

Voting with Their Thumbs: Assessing Communication Technology Use by Medical, Nursing, Midwifery, and Allied Health Clinicians.

Background: Timely multidisciplinary communication is crucial to prevent patient harm related to miscommunication of clinical information. Many health care organizations provide secure communications systems; however, clinicians often use unapproved platforms on personal devices to communicate asynchronously.

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess clinical communication behaviors by clinicians in a hospital setting.

Are interferon-gamma release assays reliable to detect tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with Janus kinase inhibitors?

Background: Screening for latent tuberculosis infection is recommended in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starting Janus kinase inhibitors (Jaki). Interferon (IFN)-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are increasingly used for this purpose. Jaki tend to decrease the levels of IFNs, questioning the reliability of IGRAs during treatment with these drugs.

Erythrocyte and plasma selenium in children with acute inflammatory response.

Objectives: Plasma selenium may not reflect selenium status in critically ill patients because it transiently decreases inversely with the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response. The decision to supplement selenium should ideally be based on laboratory measurements that reliably reflect selenium status. We hypothesized that erythrocyte selenium, unlike plasma selenium, is not affected by the systemic inflammatory response in critically ill children.

× as a Major Factor Inciting the Decline of European Beech in a Stand within the Southernmost Limit of Its Natural Range in Europe.

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the oomycete in the decline affecting European beech () in the Nebrodi Regional Park (Sicily, southern Italy). In a survey of a beech forest stand in the heart of the park, was the sole species recovered from the rhizosphere soil and fine roots of trees. Both A1 and A2 mating type isolates were found.

Pragmatic Clinical Trial of Population Health, Portal-Based Depression Screening: the PORTAL-Depression Study.

Background: A population health approach to depression screening using patient portals may be a promising strategy to proactively engage and identify patients with depression.

Objective: To determine whether a population health approach to depression screening is more effective than screening during clinic appointments alone for identifying patients with depression.

Design: A pragmatic clinical trial at an adult outpatient internal medicine clinic at an urban, academic, tertiary care center.

Cumulative incidence, prevalence, seroconversion, and associated factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia.

This study aimed to determine the cumulative incidence, prevalence, and seroconversion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated factors among healthcare workers (HCWs) of a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. An ambispective cohort was established from March 2020 to February 2021. From November 2020 to February 2021, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were measured on two occasions 14-90 days apart to determine seroprevalence and seroconversion.

Unveiling the Potential of Innovative Gold(I) and Silver(I) Selenourea Complexes as Anticancer Agents Targeting TrxR and Cellular Redox Homeostasis.

A series of NHC-based selenourea Ag(I) and Au(I) complexes were evaluated for their anticancer potential in vitro, on 2D and 3D human cancer cell systems. All NHC-based selenourea complexes possess an outstanding cytotoxic potency, which was comparable or even better than that of the reference metallodrug auranofin, and were also able to overcome both platinum-based and multi-drug resistances. Intriguingly, their cytotoxic potency did not correlate with solution stability, partition coefficient or cellular uptake.

Association of Musculoskeletal Pain With Sedentary Behavior in Public School Teachers: The Role of Habitual Physical Activity.

Background: Sedentary behavior has been associated with musculoskeletal pain in school teachers. However, our hypothesis is that physical activity practice could mitigate this association.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of musculoskeletal pain with high screen-based sedentary behavior among public school teachers and whether physical activity could mitigate this relationship.

Coherence Analysis between the Surface Diaphragm EMG Envelope Signal and the Respiratory Signal derived from the ECG in Patients assisted by Mechanical Ventilation.

Prolonged use of mechanical ventilation (MV) can lead to greater complications for a patient. In clinical practice, it is important to identify patients who could fail in the extubation process. However, accurately predicting the outcome of this process remains a challenge.

Exploring the link between GBA1 mutations and Dementia with Lewy bodies, A mini-review.

Importance: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to abnormal accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein. GBA1 is the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), whose mutations are a risk factor of DLB.

Objective: To report all available data exploring the association between GBA1 mutations and DLB.

Improving the Quality of Electronic Medical Record Documentation: Development of a Compliance and Quality Program.

Background: Introducing an electronic medical record (EMR) system into a complex health care environment fundamentally changes clinical workflows and documentation processes and, hence, has implications for patient safety. After a multisite "big-bang" EMR implementation across our large public health care organization, a quality improvement program was developed and implemented to monitor clinician adoption, documentation quality, and compliance with workflows to support high-quality patient care.

Objective: Our objective was to report the development of an iterative quality improvement program for nursing, midwifery, and medical EMR documentation.

The measurement of fibromyalgia severity: converting scores between the FIQR, the PSD and the FASmod.

Objectives: The revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) is a widely used fibromyalgia severity assessment tool that was introduced in 2009 prior to the publication of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) preliminary fibromyalgia criteria in 2010 and its revision in 2016. In 2020, the modified Fibromyalgia Assessment Scale (FASmod) was published. The Polysymptomatic Distress scale (PSD) of the fibromyalgia criteria and FASmod include assessments of pain location severity and can be used for diagnosis as well as in non-fibromyalgia patients.

Decoding mechanism of action and sensitivity to drug candidates from integrated transcriptome and chromatin state.

Omics-based technologies are driving major advances in precision medicine, but efforts are still required to consolidate their use in drug discovery. In this work, we exemplify the use of multi-omics to support the development of 3-chloropiperidines, a new class of candidate anticancer agents. Combined analyses of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility elucidated the mechanisms underlying sensitivity to test agents.

The other side of the crisis: organizational flexibility in balancing Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 health-care services.

Background: Many healthcare systems have been unable to deal with Covid-19 without influencing non-Covid-19 patients with pre-existing conditions, risking a paralysis in the medium term. This study explores the effects of organizational flexibility on hospital efficiency in terms of the capacity to deliver healthcare services for both Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 patients.

Method: Focusing on Italian health system, a two-step strategy is adopted.

Telemedicine in Cancer Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: Telemedicine is defined as the delivery of medical services through a variety of telecommunication tools. This novel approach can fit the needs of cancer patients who cannot often reach clinics due to their disabling symptoms. In this population of patients, pain is undoubtedly the most important symptom which dramatically affects the quality of life.