On urban microclimate spatial-temporal dynamics: Evidence from the integration of fixed and wearable sensing and mapping techniques.

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is acknowledged to generate harmful consequences on human health, and it is one of the main anthropogenic challenges to face in modern cities. Due to the urban dynamic complexity, a full microclimate decoding is required to design tailored mitigation strategies for reducing heat-related vulnerability. This study proposes a new method to assess intra-urban microclimate variability by combining for the first time two dedicated monitoring systems consisting of fixed and mobile techniques.

Innovative Bioplasticizers from Residual L. Biomass-Derived Levulinic Acid and Their Environmental Impact Assessment by LCA Methodology.

This work is focused on the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology for the quantification of the potential environmental impacts associated with the obtainment of levulinic acid from residual L. biomass and its subsequent valorization in innovative bioplasticizers for tuning the properties as well as the processability of biopolymers. This potentially allows the production of fully biobased and biodegradable bioplastic formulations, thus addressing the issues related to the fossil origin and nonbiodegradability of conventional additives, such as phthalates.

Environmental assessment of four waste cooking oil valorization pathways.

Global waste is expected to grow substantially by 2050, therefore, defining an effective waste management strategy is a crucial topic for both industry and academia. Nowadays, food and green waste, in particular, represent a large share of the total waste production. All this considered, effectively processing and eventually reusing materials such as waste cooking oil is of paramount importance.

Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic fraction obtained from stranded driftwood feedstocks for lipid production by .

Stranded driftwood feedstocks may represent, after pretreatment with steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis, a cheap C-source for producing biochemicals and biofuels using oleaginous yeasts. The hydrolysis was optimized using a response surface methodology (RSM). The solid loading (SL) and the dosage of enzyme cocktail (ED) were variated following a central composite design (CCD) aimed at optimizing the conversion of carbohydrates into lipids (Y) by the yeast DBVPG 5870.

Effect of PCM on the Hydration Process of Cement-Based Mixtures: A Novel Thermo-Mechanical Investigation.

The use of Phase Change Material (PCM) for improving building indoor thermal comfort and energy saving has been largely investigated in the literature in recent years, thus confirming PCM’s capability to reduce indoor thermal fluctuation in both summer and winter conditions, according to their melting temperature and operation boundaries. Further to that, the present paper aims at investigating an innovative use of PCM for absorbing heat released by cement during its curing process, which typically contributes to micro-cracking of massive concrete elements, therefore compromising their mechanical performance during their service life. The experiments carried out in this work showed how PCM, even in small quantities (i.

Yeast lipids from cardoon stalks, stranded driftwood and olive tree pruning residues as possible extra sources of oils for producing biofuels and biochemicals.

Background: Some lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks occur in Mediterranean Countries. They are still largely unexploited and cause considerable problems due to the lack of cost-effective harvesting, storage and disposal technologies. Recent studies found that some basidiomycetous yeasts are able to accumulate high amount of intracellular lipids for biorefinery processes (i.

Carbon and energy footprint of the hydrate-based biogas upgrading process integrated with CO valorization.

The present paper aims at assessing the carbon and energy footprint of an energy process, in which the energy excess from intermittent renewable sources is used to produce hydrogen which reacts with the CO previously separated from an innovative biogas upgrading process. The process integrates a hydrate-based biogas upgrading section and a CO methanation section, to produce biomethane from the biogas enrichment and synthetic methane from the CO methanation. Clathrate hydrates are crystalline compounds, formed by gas enclathrated in cages of water molecules and are applied to the selective separation of CO from biogas mixtures.

Energy from poultry waste: An Aspen Plus-based approach to the thermo-chemical processes.

A particular approach to the task of energy conversion of a residual waste material was properly experienced during the implementation of the national funded Enerpoll project. This project is a case study developed in the estate of a poultry farm that is located in a rural area of central Italy (Umbria Region); such a farm was chosen for the research project since it is almost representative of many similar small-sized breeding realties of the Italian regional context. The purpose of the case study was the disposal of a waste material (i.

Effect of double-step steam explosion pretreatment in bioethanol production from softwood.

The study investigated the production of bioethanol from softwood, in particular pine wood chip. The steam explosion pretreatment was largely investigated, evaluating also the potential use of a double-step process to increase ethanol production through the use of both solid and liquid fraction after the pretreatment. The pretreatment tests were carried out at different conditions, determining the composition of solid and liquid fraction and steam explosion efficiency.