Intermediate and Transitory Inflammation Mediate Proper Alveolar Bone Healing Outcome in Contrast to Extreme Low/High Responses: Evidence from Mice Strains Selected for Distinct Inflammatory Phenotypes.

Alveolar bone healing is influenced by various local and systemic factors, including the local inflammatory response. This study aimed to evaluate the role of inflammatory responsiveness in alveolar bone healing using 8-week-old male and female mice (N = 5/time/group) strains selected for maximum (AIRmax) or minimum (AIRmin) acute inflammatory response carrying distinct homozygous RR/SS genotypes, namely AIRminRR, AIRminSS, AIRmaxRR, and AIRmaxSS mice. After upper right incisor extraction, bone healing was analyzed at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days using micro-computed tomography, histomorphometry, birefringence, immunohistochemistry, and PCRArray analysis.

VALIDATION OF M-CHARTS FOR QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF METAMORPHOPSIA FOLLOWING RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR.

Purpose: To validate the quantitative assessment of metamorphopsia in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) using M-CHARTS by determining its correlation with subjective reporting of metamorphopsia with a validated metamorphopsia questionnaire (modified MeMoQ).

Methods: The Research Ethics Board approved a prospective observational study carried out at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.

Face-to-face interviews versus Internet surveys: Comparison of two data collection methods in the Rome foundation global epidemiology study: Implications for population-based research.

Background And Aims: The Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study (RFGES) assessed the prevalence, burden, and associated factors of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBI) in 33 countries around the world. Achieving worldwide sampling necessitated use of two different surveying methods: In-person household interviews (9 countries) and Internet surveys (26 countries). Two countries, China and Turkey, were surveyed with both methods.

Comparison of the epidemiology of disorders of gut-brain interaction in four Latin American countries: Results of The Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study.

Background: In Latin America, there are scarce data on the epidemiology of DGBI. The Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study (RFGES) Internet survey included 26 countries, four from Latin America: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico, with a 40.3% prevalence of Rome IV DGBI.

Microtomographic, histomorphometric, and molecular features show a normal alveolar bone healing process in iNOS-deficient mice along a compensatory upregulation of eNOS and nNOS isoforms.

Methodology: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which is an important signaling molecule with effects on blood vessels, leukocytes, and bone cells. However, the role of iNOS in alveolar bone healing remains unclear. This study investigated the role of iNOS in alveolar bone healing after tooth extraction in mice.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY MORPHOLOGY AFTER RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR: ALIGN Post Hoc Analysis.

Purpose: To compare foveal avascular zone (FAZ) geometric indices using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) versus pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). FAZ morphology was assessed as a possible imaging feature of retinal displacement.

Methods: This ALIGN post hoc analysis included primary fovea-off RRDs that underwent successful PnR or PPV, and performed OCTA, and fundus autofluorescence at (FAF) 3 months postoperatively at St.

Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Tofacitinib, Stratified by Age, in Patients from the Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Program.

Background: In patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), risks of infection and malignancies increase with age. Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of UC. This analysis assessed age as a risk factor for adverse events of special interest (AESI) in the tofacitinib UC clinical program.

Toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis mimicking cytomegalovirus retinitis in an immunocompromised pediatric patient following bone marrow transplantation.

Objective: To review a case of toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis mimicking cytomegalovirus retinitis in an immunocompromised patient following bone marrow transplantation.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of a 14-year-old female who had a history of leukemia and allogeneic bone marrow transplants prior to her ocular symptoms.

Results: Anterior chamber fluid analysis was positive for .

FTY720 administration results in a M2 associated immunoregulatory effect that positively influences the outcome of alveolar bone repair outcome in mice.

The alveolar bone repair process may be influenced by multiple local and systemic factors, which include immune system cells and mediators. Macrophages allegedly play important roles in the repair process, and the transition of an initial inflammatory M1 profile into a pro-reparative M2 profile theoretically contributes to a favorable repair outcome. In this context, considering immunoregulatory molecules as potential targets for improving bone repair, this study evaluated the role of the immunoregulatory molecule FTY720, previously described to favor the development of the M2 phenotype, in the process of alveolar bone healing in C57Bl/6 (WT) mice.

A Novel Method of Quantifying Retinal Displacement Using Ultra-Widefield Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging.

Purpose: To introduce a novel method of quantifying retinal displacement in three dimensions (3D) using ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence (UWF-FAF).

Design: Prospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: Patients with primary macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) treated with pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) or vitrectomy were included.

EXUDATIVE RETINAL DETACHMENT AFTER INTRAVITREAL BROLUCIZUMAB INJECTION.

Purpose: To report an unusual case of a patient who presented with intraocular inflammation (IOI) and an exudative retinal detachment after first brolucizumab injection and to compare this case to the existing literature.

Methods: An 80-year-old woman being treated for neovascular age-related macular degeneration presented 11 days after her first intravitreal injection of brolucizumab with IOI and an exudative retinal detachment. She was treated with systemic and topical steroids.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The comparative safety and efficacy between anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents (anti-VEGFs) and between combined therapies for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is unclear. We conducted a systematic review to examine the comparative safety and efficacy anti-VEGFs for adults with nAMD.

Methods: Studies were identified through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL (inception to June 3, 2019), grey literature, and scanning reference lists.

Postoperative Photoreceptor Integrity Following Pneumatic Retinopexy vs Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment Repair: A Post Hoc Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis From the Pneumatic Retinopexy Versus Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes Randomized Trial.

Importance: Pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) is associated with superior visual acuity and reduced vertical metamorphopsia compared with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). It is important to determine postoperative photoreceptor integrity with both surgical techniques.

Objective: To compare photoreceptor integrity on spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) between PnR and PPV at 12 months postoperatively.

Ultra-Widefield Imaging of Peripheral Vascular Abnormalities in Idiopathic Macular Telangiectasia Type 1.

Purpose: This work reports unusual peripheral vascular anomalies on ultra-widefield angiography in a case of idiopathic macular telangiectasia (IMT) type 1.

Methods: A case report is discussed.

Results: A 51-year-old woman with a 6-year history of IMT type 1 presented with ongoing vision symptoms from persistent macular edema despite extended antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Serpiginous Choroiditis Presenting in Association With Infection and Ulcerative Colitis.

Purpose: This work reports a case of serpiginous choroiditis (SC) in association with ulcerative colitis and infection.

Methods: A case report is discussed.

Results: A 35-year-old man with a history of ulcerative colitis and recently treated infection presented with a rapid decline in central visual acuity in both eyes.

Effects of axial length on retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer measured by spectral-domain OCT.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of ocular axial length on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in healthy eyes after correcting for ocular magnification effect.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 120 eyes from 60 volunteer participants (myopes, emmetropes, and hyperopes). The thickness of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer were measured using the spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT)-Cirrus HD-OCT and correlated with ocular axial length.

Pneumatic Retinopexy in Patients with Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Meeting PIVOT Trial Criteria.

Purpose: To identify the proportion of patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) presenting to a retina practice that meet 'Pneumatic Retinopexy versus Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary RRD' (PIVOT) trial criteria and to assess anatomic and functional outcomes of pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) in this population.

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

Participants: Patients with primary RRD treated between October 2009 and November 2017 at an academic vitreoretinal practice in Canada.

Review of the epidemiology and burden of ulcerative colitis in Latin America.

The incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been reported to be rising in newly industrialised regions, such as Latin America. Here, we review data from published studies reporting demographics and clinical aspects of UC in Latin America to further understand epidemiology and disease burden. The incidence and prevalence of UC in Latin America varied between regions and studies, ranging between 0.

Vision-Related Functioning in Patients Undergoing Pneumatic Retinopexy vs Vitrectomy for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Post Hoc Exploratory Analysis of the PIVOT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Although rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair techniques have high anatomical reattachment rates, there may be differences in various aspects of postoperative vision-related quality of life (VRQoL).

Objective: To explore the differences in various aspects of VRQoL between pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) following RRD repair.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Post hoc exploratory analysis of the the Pneumatic Retinopexy vs Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes randomized clinical trial conducted between August 2012 and May 2017 at St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Retinal Displacement Following Pneumatic Retinopexy vs Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Importance: Retinal displacement following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair may have consequences for visual function. It is important to know whether surgical technique is associated with risk of displacement.

Objective: To compare retinal displacement following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair with pneumatic retinopexy (PR) vs pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

Worldwide Prevalence and Burden of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Results of Rome Foundation Global Study.

Background & Aims: Although functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), now called disorders of gut-brain interaction, have major economic effects on health care systems and adversely affect quality of life, little is known about their global prevalence and distribution. We investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with 22 FGIDs, in 33 countries on 6 continents.

Methods: Data were collected via the Internet in 24 countries, personal interviews in 7 countries, and both in 2 countries, using the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire, Rome III irritable bowel syndrome questions, and 80 items to identify variables associated with FGIDs.