Septoplasty-mediated improvements in nasal patency and pulmonary function: A prospective study.

Background And Objective: Septoplasty and turbinate reduction surgery (STR) is hypothesized to affect pulmonary function by modifying airway dynamics. This study investigates the impact of STR-mediated improvements in nasal patency on pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

Methods: In a prospective analysis, 37 adult patients undergoing STR were enrolled.

Application of the Technique of Inferior Temporal Gyrus Resection for Microsurgical Treatment of Arteriovenous Malformation of the Fusiform Gyrus.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) consist of multiple connections between arteries and veins without a capillary bed and are characterized by an early draining vein. This pathology affects mainly young adults, and the morbimortality is caused mostly by rupture and hemorrhage. In this Video 1, we present a case of a 29-year-old female patient presenting with a sudden severe headache.

Nasal breathing: a neglected factor in metabolic regulation?

Purpose: Nasal breathing (NB) is a fundamental physiological process, and emerging research indicates its potential role in modulating resting metabolism, impacting energy expenditure and metabolic efficiency. This study investigates the impact of NB on resting metabolic rate (RMR), offering novel insights into metabolic regulation.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on patients undergoing nasal surgery, with measurements taken before and 3 months after surgery.

Metallodrugs: Synthesis, mechanism of action and nanoencapsulation for targeted chemotherapy.

As a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease, cancer has a high mortality rate, and the search for more effective treatments is an enormous challenge. Metal coordination compounds open a range of possibilities that conventional organic and biological molecules can no longer fulfil due to increasing drug resistance. Metallodrugs still have tremendous potential to help overcome drug resistance and find new cures in medicine, considering that at least 25 metallic elements participate in healthy functioning of the human body.

Exploring Thermal Stability, Vibrational Properties, and Biological Assessments of Dichloro(l-histidine)copper(II): A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study.

Dichloro(l-histidine)copper(II) crystal ([Cu(l-His)Cl] complex) was obtained by the slow evaporation method and characterized concerning its thermal stability, phase transformations, and electronic and vibrational properties. X-ray diffraction (XRPD) confirmed that this complex crystallizes with an orthorhombic structure (222 space group). Thermal analyses (TG and DTA) demonstrate stability from ambient temperature up to 460 K, followed by a phase transition from the orthorhombic structure to the amorphous form around 465 K, as confirmed by temperature-dependent XRPD studies.

Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala mitigates oxidative stress and inflammation induced by PM soluble extract in trophoblast cells via miR-146a-5p.

Air pollution poses a significant global concern, notably impacting pregnancy outcomes through mechanisms such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered miRNA expression, all of which can adversely affect trophoblast functions. Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, known for its abundance of anthocyanins with diverse biological activities including anti-mutagenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, is the focus of this study examining its effect on Particulate Matter 10 (PM) soluble extract-induced trophoblast cell dysfunction via miRNA expression.

Practices and knowledge of health personnel about transgenderity in Primary Health Care.

Objective: To describe the practices and knowledge of Nursing Technicians and Community Health Agents of Primary Health Care for the transgender population.

Design: Descriptive research with a qualitative approach. SITE: The study was developed in a digital environment.

Tutton salt (NH)Zn(SO)(HO): thermostructural, spectroscopic, Hirshfeld surface, and DFT investigations.

Context: Ammonium Tutton salts have been widely studied in recent years due to their thermostructural properties, which make them promising compounds for application in thermochemical energy storage devices. In this work, a detailed experimental study of the Tutton salt with the formula (NH)Zn(SO)(HO) is carried out. Its structural, vibrational, and thermal properties are analyzed and discussed.

Molecular spectroscopy, solvent effect, and DFT studies of azithromycin solvate.

Azithromycin ethanol solvate monohydrate [CHNO0.5(CHO)HO], abbreviated by AZM-MH-EtOH, was synthesized by slow evaporation method and investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy combined with density functional theory (DFT) studies. Electronic and vibrational properties were properly investigated based on a theoretical study of solvation effects, using implicit solvation and solute electron density models.

Preparation and Characterization of a Rifampicin Coamorphous Material with Tromethamine Coformer: An Experimental-Theoretical Study.

Rifampicin (RIF) is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis and leprosy. Even though RIF is a market-available drug, it has a low aqueous solubility, hindering its bioavailability. Among the strategies for bioavailability improvement of poorly soluble drugs, coamorphous systems have been revealed as an alternative in the increase of the aqueous solubility of drug systems and at the same time also increasing the amorphous state stability and dissolution rate when compared with the neat drug.

New polymorphic phase of arachidic acid crystal: structure, intermolecular interactions, low-temperature stability and Raman spectroscopy combined with DFT calculations.

Saturated monocarboxylic fatty acids with long carbon chains are organic compounds widely used in several applied fields, such as energy production, thermal energy storage, antibactericidal, antimicrobial, among others. In this research, a new polymorphic phase of arachidic acid (AA) crystal was synthesized and its structural and vibrational properties were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarized Raman scattering. The new structure of AA was solved at two different temperature conditions (100 and 300 K).

Tutton KZn(SO)(HO) salt: Structural-vibrational properties as a function of temperature and ab initio calculations.

In this work, a thorough study of Tutton KZn(SO)(HO) crystal was performed. Structural, electronic, vibrational, and thermal properties were analyzed and discussed. Calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) were performed to provide a correct assignment of vibration modes (90 active Raman and 93 active IR), and analyses of band structure and density of states.

Development of nanostructured formulation from naringenin and silk fibroin and application for inhibition of lipoxygenase (LOX).

A simple low-energy method was used to obtain polymeric nanoparticles containing silk fibroin (SF), fatty butyl esters (oily phase) and the flavonoid naringenin. Experimental planning (Box-Behnken) was applied to investigate the optimal conditions for three factors (variation of the concentrations of SF, naringenin and fatty butyl ester) at three levels, with evaluation of particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential (ZP) as responses. The results showed that the polymeric particle was formed with sizes of 179.

Modelling metabolic performance in paediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing: A case-control study.

Paediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) has a considerable impact on cardiovascular physiology, but the consequences on children's basal metabolism and response to exercise are far from being known. The objective was to propose model estimations for paediatric OSDB metabolism at rest and during exercise. A retrospective case-control analysis of data from children submitted to otorhinolaryngology surgery was performed.

Zein Nanoparticles Containing Arginine-Based Surfactants: Physicochemical Characterization and Effect on the Biological Properties.

Cationic surfactants carry antimicrobial activity, based on their interaction and disruption of cell membranes. Nonetheless, their intrinsic toxicity limits their applicability. To overcome this issue, a feasible strategy consists of using solid nanoparticles to improve their delivery.

Impact of adenotonsillectomy in pediatric respiratory function.

Introduction: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is an important health condition that leads to upper airway obstruction and constitutes the main cause of obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) in children. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of surgical intervention on spirometrical parameters of children with ATH/OSDB and upper airway recurrent infections (URTIs).

Material And Methods: The study covered children treated surgically in a Pediatric Ambulatory Unit in a tertiary hospital.

Physicochemical properties calculated using DFT method and changes of 5-methyluridine hemihydrate crystals at high temperatures.

5-methyluridine hemihydrate (5 mU) single crystals were synthesized by the slow solvent evaporation method. The physicochemical properties, such as frontier molecular orbitals, global reactivity indices and vibrational were computationally studied through density functional theory (DFT). In addition, structural, vibrational, and thermal properties were obtained by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Structural, thermal, vibrational, solubility and DFT studies of a tolbutamide co-amorphous drug delivery system for treatment of diabetes.

Among the strategies for bioavailability improvement of poorly soluble drugs, co-amorphous systems have revealed to have a significant impact in the increase of the aqueous solubility of the drug, and at the same time increasing the amorphous state stability and dissolution rate when compared with the neat drug. Tolbutamide (TBM) is an oral hypoglycemic drug largely used in the treatment of type II Mellitus diabetes. TBM is a class II drug according to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System, meaning that it has low solubility and higher permeability.

Chondroprotective effect of melatonin and strontium ranelate in animal model of osteoarthritis.

Purpose: To analyze the action of strontium ranelate (SR) and melatonin in isolation or in association in knees, liver and kidneys of rats Wistar with induced osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Thirty male rats were induced to OA through an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), and treated with melatonin and SR in isolation or in association. Morphological, histopathological, histochemical and morphometric analysis were realized of the structure of the articular capsule, as well as histopathological analysis of liver and kidneys from the animals.

Microbial contamination in herbal medicines: a serious health hazard to elderly consumers.

Introduction: The use of herbal medicine is on the rise worldwide, and safety issues associated with herbal medicines may have an exacerbated impact in elderly because this population has an increased susceptibility and sensitivity to health complications due to the aging process.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at a primary health care unit in the city of Macapa, Brazil. The herbal medicines used and the sociodemographic characteristics of 123 voluntarily consenting participants were collected using a structured questionnaire.

Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach in the isolation of bioactive natural products.

Metabolomics is a powerful tool in the analysis and identification of metabolites responsible for biological properties. Regarding natural product chemistry, it constitutes a potential strategy to streamline the classic and laborious process of isolating natural products, which often involves the re-isolation and identification of known compounds. In this contribution, we establish a mass spectrometry-based metabolomics strategy to discover compounds with larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti.

Chemical profiling of Curatella americana Linn leaves by UPLC-HRMS and its wound healing activity in mice.

Based on ethnopharmacological studies, a lot of plants, as well as its compounds, have been investigated for the potential use as wound healing agents. In Brazil, Curatella americana is traditionally used by local people to treat wounds, ulcers and inflammations. However, to the best of our knowledge, its traditional use in the treatment of wounds has not been validated by a scientific study.

Phytopharmacovigilance in the Elderly: Highlights from the Brazilian Amazon.

Practices described as traditional medicine may coexist with formalized, science-based medicine. In this context, the present study aimed to verify the profile of the elderly who consumed herbal medicines concomitantly with medications and to identify suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the Brazilian Amazon (Macapá, Amapá). The study was carried out in two steps: a cross-sectional study (structured questionnaire) and a clinical study (pharmacotherapeutic follow-up).