Prevalence of psychoactive substance use by adolescents in public schools in a municipality in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use by adolescents from public schools. This is a cross-sectional study that used a random sample of adolescents from five public schools located in a municipality in the central-west region of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. Information on demographic, socioeconomic, and drug use was collected using self-report questionnaires.

Use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in androgenetic alopecia in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to verify the efficacy of using autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in female pattern alopecia (FPA).

Background: Androgenetic alopecia is the leading cause of hair loss in men andwomen and often impacts self-esteem and quality of life.

Data Sources: MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.

Micronutrient Fortification at Child-Care Centers Reduces Anemia in Young Children.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of NutriSUS micronutrient fortification, in infants aged 12-36 months, for the prophylaxis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia. In this cluster-randomized clinical trial study, we evaluated infants aged 12-36 months. Length of intervention was 12 weeks.

Iron Pots for the Prevention and Treatment of Anemia in Preschoolers.

Objective: To assess the effect of food cooked in iron pots for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia.

Methods: In this cluster randomized clinical trial, authors evaluated preschoolers aged 4-5 y for 16 wk. Children were cluster randomized to either eating from iron pots (Group A) or aluminum pots (Group B).

Prevention and Treatment of Anemia in Infants through Supplementation, Assessing the Effectiveness of Using Iron Once or Twice Weekly.

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of once weekly iron supplementation (IS) versus twice weekly, on hemoglobin (Hb) levels and anemia prevalence.

Methods: In this cluster-randomized clinical trial study, we evaluated infants aged 6-18 months. Length of intervention: 16 weeks.

Contrast-induced nephropathy after primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: The prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is difficult in emergency situations, making it essential to study CIN in patients submitted to urgent angioplasty.

Objective: To determine the incidence and associated factors to CIN in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) submitted to primary angioplasty in the first 12 hours after onset of symptoms.

Methods: We studied 201 consecutive cases of MI with ST-segment elevation with less than 12 hours of evolution.

How safe is your motorcycle helmet?

Purpose: Motorcycle crash helmets do not totally prevent head and facial trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate if protection offered by helmets differs according to helmet type.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, outpatient records of motorcyclists were analyzed for the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), facial fractures, and helmet use.

Rice fortified with iron given weekly increases hemoglobin levels and reduces anemia in infants: a community intervention trial.

More than two billion people suffer from anemia worldwide, and it is estimated that more than 50 % of cases are caused by iron deficiency. In this community intervention trial, we evaluated infants aged 10 to 23 months of age (n = 171) from two public child day-care centers. Intervention lasted 18 weeks.

Social adaptability and substance abuse: predictors of depression among hemodialysis patients?

Background: Several aspects linked to social are involved in the onset of depressive feelings. We aimed to find out if social adaptability and substance abuse predict depression among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: We included 145 ESRD patients undergoing HD.

Daily and Weekly Iron Supplementations are Effective in Increasing Hemoglobin and Reducing Anemia in Infants.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of daily and weekly iron supplementation compared with control on hemoglobin values and anemia prevalence in infants.

Methods: In this cluster-randomized study, we evaluated infants aged 12-24 months (n = 210) from three public daycare centers, during 4 months. Intervention-group A was allocated 25 mg elemental iron once weekly; intervention-group B received 12.

Distance between residence and the dialysis unit does not impact self-perceived outcomes in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Patients have to travel long distances to undergo hemodialysis (HD) in some regions. We aimed to search for an association of the distance between patients' residence and the dialysis unit with quality of life, depression and coping among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance HD.

Methods: We studied 161 ESRD patients undergoing HD during April 2009.

Use of iron-fortified rice reduces anemia in infants.

Food fortification is advocated to tackle iron deficiency in anemic populations. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of iron-fortified rice (Ultrarice(®)) weekly on hemoglobin and anemia levels compared with standard rice (control). This cluster-randomized study deals with infants (10-23 months) from two public child day care centers in Brazil, n = 216, in an 18 week intervention.

Milk-based cornstarch porridge fortified with iron is effective in reducing anemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

This study evaluates the impact of a milk-based cornstarch porridge fortified with iron, in 4-year olds, compared with control on hemoglobin levels and anemia prevalence. This trial was a cluster-randomized, double-blind one, and used milk-based cornstarch porridge fortified with 10 mg elemental iron (FeSO(4)), daily, during 14 weeks, compared with control. The study population comprised 4-year-old preschoolers (n = 131).

Weekly iron supplementation for the prevention of anemia in pre-school children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: This study analyses the impact of weekly iron supplementation with ferrous sulphate heptahydrate (FeSO4) in 5-year-olds compared with placebo, on hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) values and anemia.

Design: The study concerns a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Intervention participants received 50 mg elemental iron for 14 weeks.

Randomized controlled trial of iron-fortified drinking water in preschool children.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of fortified drinking water, with different concentrations of iron added, on hemoglobin and hematocrit values in preschoolers.

Methods: Double-blind, randomized cluster clinical trial, with children aged 2 to 5 years of age, from 4 state-run schools, forming 1 group for each school. For fortification, ferrous sulphate in concentrations of 5 mg of elemental iron per liter of water (group A), 7.