Guidelines for Mental and Behavioral Disorders of Children and Adolescents: Reliability and Clinical Utility.

Objective: clinical guidelines for mental and behavioral disorders must be tested in clinical settings to guarantee their usefulness worldwide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate interrater reliability and clinical utility of the guidelines for children and adolescents in assessing and diagnosing mood, anxiety, and fear-related disorders; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); and disruptive behavioral disorder (DBD).

Methods: Children and adolescents ages 6-17 from two specialized settings in Mexico City were interviewed.

Psychopathic Disorder Subtypes Based on Temperament and Character Differences.

The concept of psychopathy has shifted from people who commit crimes to those with a particular personality and deviant behaviors. Although antisocial personality disorder is associated with psychopathy, it also seems common in individuals with narcissistic personality traits. Psychopathy may be the expression of earlier, persistent patterns of individual characteristics as personality.

ICD-11 guidelines for psychotic, mood, anxiety and stress-related disorders in Mexico: Clinical utility and reliability.

The World Health Organization's diagnostic guidelines for ICD-11 mental and behavioural disorders must be tested in clinical settings around the world to ensure that they are clinically useful and genuinely global. The objective is evaluate the inter-rater reliability and clinical utility of ICD-11 guidelines for psychotic, mood, anxiety- and stress-related disorders in Mexican patients. Adult volunteers exhibiting the selected symptoms were referred from the pre-consultation unit of a public psychiatric hospital to an interview by a pair of clinicians, who subsequently assigned independent diagnoses and evaluated the clinical utility of the diagnostic guidelines as applied to each particular case, on the basis of a scale developed for this purpose.

Comparison of Early Intervention Services vs Treatment as Usual for Early-Phase Psychosis: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression.

Importance: The value of early intervention in psychosis and allocation of public resources has long been debated because outcomes in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have remained suboptimal.

Objective: To compare early intervention services (EIS) with treatment as usual (TAU) for early-phase psychosis.

Data Sources: Systematic literature search of PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.

Predicting functional remission in patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study of symptomatic remission, psychosocial remission, functioning, and clinical outcome.

Background: New approaches to assess outcome in schizophrenia include multidimensional measures such as remission, cognition, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life. Clinical and psychosocial measures have been recently introduced to assess functional outcome.

Objective: The study presented here was designed to examine the rates of symptomatic remission, psychosocial remission, global functioning, and clinical global impressions in a sample of schizophrenia outpatients in order to assess functional remission and to identify predictive factors for functional remission.

Integrated treatment to achieve functional recovery for first-episode psychosis.

This study describes an integrated treatment approach that was implemented to enhance functional recovery in first-episode psychotic patients. Patients were randomized to two treatment conditions: either to an integrated treatment approach: pharmacotherapy, psychosocial treatment, and psychoeducation (experimental group: N = 39) or to medication alone (control group: N = 34). Patients were evaluated at baseline and after one year of treatment.

Application in Mexico of psychosocial rehabilitation with schizophrenia patients.

To determine whether evidence-based, psychosocial treatments developed in the United States and England are applicable to Mexican outpatients with schizophrenia, the present study was carried out to evaluate the relative effectiveness of family psycho-education and psychosocial skills training added to customary treatment vs. customary treatment alone. Clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia participated in a 12-month randomized, controlled trial at the National Institute of Psychiatry in Mexico City.

A psychosocial skills training approach in Mexican out-patients with schizophrenia.

Background: The effectiveness of a psychosocial skills training (PSST) approach applied to chronic out-patients with schizophrenia was examined. We hypothesized that the PSST programme, which included treatment as usual (TAU), PSST and family therapy (FT), would reduce positive and negative symptoms, prevent relapse and rehospitalization, and improve psychosocial functioning (PSF), global functioning and treatment adherence.

Method: Eighty-two patients were randomly assigned to receive either TAU [antipsychotic medication (AP); n=39] or the PSST approach (TAU+PSST+FT; n=43).

[Mental health services to poor patients with affective disorders in Mexico City].

Objective: To describe the pathways of formal and informal services utilization in urban low income population presenting depressive, dysthymic and bipolar disorders.

Methods: Information was gathered in face to face interviews using a standardized questionnaire that included sections from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and one section on service utilization. Interviewees (n=1,486) were selected through stratified socioeconomic variables and a random multistep sample of households of Mexico City.

Stimulation of the superior cerebellar peduncle during the development of amygdaloid kindling in rats.

Cerebellar manipulations have been used successfully in some intractable epileptic patients, however, their intrinsic mechanisms are not fully understood. To further clarify the cerebellar participation in epilepsy, we stimulated 10 rats with 100 Hz, 20 microA at the superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) during amygdaloid kindling. Results were compared to 10 rats with an electrode placed at the SCP without stimulation and 10 rats without electrodes at the SCP used as control.