Development and validation of a new anthropometric equation to predict skeletal muscle mass in a heterogeneous caucasian population.

Assessment of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is essential to monitor physical performance and health status. The most widely used anthropometric equations have repeatedly demonstrated to overestimate or underestimate SMM in different populations. Herein, we developed and cross-validated a new anthropometric regression equation for estimating SMM, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method.

Development and validation of a new anthropometric equation to predict fat mass percentage in a heterogeneous Caucasian population.

Objective: (1) To develop a new regression equation for estimating fat mass percentage (%FM) from anthropometric measurements in a heterogeneous Caucasian population and (2) to compare it with the Durnin and Womersley equation, which is one of the most used anthropometric equations for FM assessment.

Design: Body mass, stature and four skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular and supracrestal) were assessed by an accredited anthropometrist, according to the International Society for Advancement in Kinanthropometry. Participants completed a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) whole-body scan to determine their %FM.

[Isometric muscle torque in Chilean children and adolescents evaluated by manual maintenance dynamometry: a reliability study].

Unlabelled: The measurement of isometric muscle torque with hand-held dynamometry is a technique little studied in the pediatric setting for the evaluation of maximal isometric muscle strength.

Objective: to determine the reliability of hand-held dynamometry to obtain the maximal isometric torque of upper and lower limb muscle groups in Chilean children and adolescents.

Patients And Methods: Crosssectional study.

Development and validation of new bioelectrical impedance equations to accurately estimate fat mass percentage in a heterogeneous Caucasian population.

Fat mass percentage (%FM) is frequently determined by nutritionists and personal trainers with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices. The aims of the present study were: (1) to develop new regression equations using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method for estimating %FM in a heterogeneous Caucasian population with a foot-to-hand device (BIA-101) and a hand-to-hand device (BIA-TELELAB) and (2) to compare the new equations with the manufacturers' equations. We hypothesized that the new equations would lead to more accurate estimations compared with DXA.

Acute Deltoid Injury in Ankle Fractures: A Biomechanical Analysis of Different Repair Constructs.

Background: The importance of the deltoid ligament in the congruency and coupling of the tibiotalar joint is well known. The current trend is to repair it in cases of acute injuries in the context of ankle fractures; however, there is limited information on how it should be reconstructed. The objective of this study was to compare different deltoid ligament repair types in an ankle fracture cadaveric model.

Biomechanical Cadaveric Evaluation of the Role of Medial Column Instability in Hallux Valgus Deformity.

Background: Medial column instability is a frequent finding in patients with flatfeet and hallux valgus, within others. The etiology of hallux valgus is multifactorial, and medial ray axial rotation has been mentioned as having an individual role. Our objective was to design a novel cadaveric foot model where we could re-create through progressive medial column ligament damage some components of a hallux valgus deformity.

Tart cherry and pomegranate supplementations enhance recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage: a systematic review.

Phenolic compounds have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may prevent inflammation and oxidative stress as well as help the athletes to recover from exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Tart cherry (TC) and pomegranate (PG) are two fruits with high content of polyphenols. Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have recently attracted substantial interest for their potential to reduce strength loss and promote recovery from EIMD.

Optimal activation ratio of the scapular muscles in closed kinetic chain shoulder exercises: A systematic review.

Background: Muscle synergies contribute to scapular position during arm movement. The trapezius and serratus anterior (SA) muscles are the main stabilizers and are therefore the main target muscles of therapeutic exercises.

Objective: To systematically review the current literature investigating the optimal activation ratio of the scapular muscles during a range of closed kinetic chain exercises.

Influence of adiposity and fatigue on the scapular muscle recruitment order.

Background: Several authors have indicated that excess body weight can modify the electromyographic (EMG) amplitude due to the accumulation of subcutaneous fat. This accumulation of adipose tissue around the muscle would affect the metabolic capacity during functional activities. On the other hand, some authors have not observed differences in the myoelectric manifestations of fatigue between normal weight and obese people.

Influence of fatigue and velocity on the latency and recruitment order of scapular muscles.

Objectives: To determine the influence of velocity and fatigue on scapular muscle activation latency and recruitment order during a voluntary arm raise task, in healthy individuals.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: University laboratory.

[Equations for the evaluation of body composition in children and adolescents].

Body mass index (BMI) is widely used in the world, despite caveats concerning its interpretation in relation to gender, age, and race. BMI reading is normally standardized, potentially producing error in the results and classification of nutritional status. Body composition provides more relevant information than BMI: fat mass and lean mass are the main indices.

NUTRITIONAL INTAKE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN ELITE MEXICAN TEENAGERS SOCCER PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT AGES.

Introduction: nutritional intake and status of soccer players has attracted not much research attention. Many soccer players follow an inadequate nutritional intake and have a poor nutritional status. This is relevant in youngsters soccer players, in order to improve performance and promote healthy dietary practices.

New technologies applied to ultrasound diagnosis of sports injuries.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the ultrasound images of different soft tissue lesions from two different portable sonography devices: a conventional portable sonography device (ultrasound [US]-A, Micromaxx model; Sonosite Inc., Bothell, WA, USA), and a recently marketed compact device (US-B, Logiq e; General Electric Healthcare, Wauwatosa, WI, USA). The US-B device uses the new technologies of tissue harmonic imaging, real-time compound ultrasound, panoramic view, three-dimensional imaging, and virtual convex imaging.