[COVID-19 fatality rate conditioned by risk factors in Mexico in 2020].

Background: The COVID-19 fatality rate exhibited significant variations during the first year of the pandemic, and such divergences seem to show different levels of risk of death among populations. Very few studies stratified fatality based on the presence or absence of risk factors.

Objective: To identify COVID-19 fatality rates conditioned by risk factors.

ABO blood groups are not associated to gestational diabetes mellitus in Mexican women.

Objectives: Some studies show an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus for ABO blood groups. Others find a lower risk or do not identify any association. Inconsistencies may be due to the heterogeneity in the control for confounding variables.

Association between ABO blood groups and preeclampsia.

Objective: To determine the association between the ABO blood group and preeclampsia.

Methods: This is a case-control study that included patients with ( = 253) and without ( = 457) preeclampsia/eclampsia in Northeastern Mexico. Data were obtained from electronic medical records.

Cessation of Face Mask Use after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Diabetes: Prevalence and Determinants.

Studies on the cessation of face mask use after a COVID-19 vaccine in patients with diabetes are not available, despite their greater predisposition to complications. We estimated the prevalence of cessation of face mask use after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with diabetes and identified which factor was most strongly associated with non-use. This was a cross-sectional study in patients with diabetes 18-70 years with at least one dose of vaccine against COVID-19 ( = 288).

Idealistic, realistic, and unrealistic expectations of pharmacological treatment in persons with type 2 diabetes in primary care.

Introduction: Information on treatment expectations in diabetes is scarce for Mexican and Latino populations. We determined idealistic, realistic, and unrealistic expectations for metformin, insulin, and glyburide in primary care. We also explored the association between sociodemographic attributes, time since diagnosis, and expectations.

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in Mexican Medical Residents.

Background: Studies on the psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in medical residents are scarce despite their susceptibility to burnout. Moreover, none of these studies were conducted in Spanish.

Aim Of The Study: To analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the CBI among Mexican medical residents.

Anthropometric parameters to estimate body frame size in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Objective: To determine the most frequently body frame size (BFS) measurement and to compare the cut-off values used for classifying body size in children and adolescents.

Methods: This systematic review focused on primary studies and scientific reports published in Medline Ovid, EMBASE, Web of Science, or Scopus between January 1, 2007 and March 31, 2021. Eligible studies must have included at least one BFS parameter measured in healthy children or adolescents.

Multiple Unhealthy Behaviors Share Equivalent Profiles of Readiness for Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Few studies have considered more than one behavior, despite the tendency towards multiple behaviors, and there are none that have focused on a Latino population. We determined the concurrence of four unhealthy behaviors related to glycemic control and identified common cognitive factors at advanced stages of readiness for change in patients with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care. A cross-sectional study was carried out during August-December 2018 in northeastern Mexico.

Acellular fraction from malignant effusions has cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells.

Malignant ascites (MA) and malignant pleural effusion (MPE) are frequently developed in patients with metastatic cancer; however, the biological properties of these fluids have not been clarified. The present study explored the biological role of a low molecular fraction derived from malignant effusions on the activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and on the proliferation of breast cancer cells and fibroblast 55x cells. A <10-kDa fraction from effusions of 41 oncological patients and 34 individuals without cancer was purified, and its potential role in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells was explored, as well as its cytotoxicity on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and fibroblast 55x cells.

Ethanolic Extract of L. Regulates Blood Pressure by Modulating the Expression of Genes Involved in BP-Regulatory Pathways.

Hypertension (HT) is considered to be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been directly related to pathologies such as obesity and dyslipidemias. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) blocked the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade diminishing the production of angiotensin II and the level of bradykinin, produced by the kallikrein-kinin system. Although ACEIs are effective therapeutics in regulating HT, they present several side-effects that can be due to their mechanism of action (as hypotension, cough, dizziness, light-headedness or hyperkalemia) to specific drug molecular structure (skin rash, neutropenia and tasting disorders) or due to associated pathologies in the patients (it has been considered a possible nephrotoxic effect when ACEIs are administered in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers, in patients that present comorbidities as diabetes, acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease).

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of essential amino acid α-ketoacid analogues against renal ischemia-reperfusion damage in Wistar rats.

Introduction: Essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs are used in the treatment of chronic kidney disease to delay the symptoms of uremia. However, it is unknown whether essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs affect the oxidative stress and the inflammation in acute renal injury such as those produced by ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in Wistar rats.

Vitamin supplementation increases the virulence of grown axenically.

As a consequence of axenic growth and the elimination of accompanying bacterial flora, Entamoeba histolytica virulence decreases rapidly, and pathogenicity is lost. This paper evaluated the impact of vitamin supplementation on the pathogenicity of E. histolytica.

Estimating and differentiating maternal feeding practices in a country ranked first in childhood obesity.

Objective: Mexico ranks first in childhood obesity worldwide. However, little is known about the factors influencing maternal feeding practices. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of feeding practices and explore associations between weight concern, weight perception, sociodemographic characteristics and those feeding practices.

[Ultrasound-guided umbilical venous catheterisation: A cost-effectiveness analysis].

Introduction: Although the use of ultrasound for the insertion of central catheters has proven to be cost-effective in adults, it is not known if this is the case in the neonatal population. This study compared the cost-effectiveness of ultrasound-guided umbilical venous catheterisation with conventional catheterisation in a neonatal intensive care unit of a Public University Hospital.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on newborns that required an umbilical venous catheter before completing their first 24hours of extra-uterine life.

Discriminatory Accuracy of Preeclampsia Risk Factors in Primary Care.

Background: Although it is common to use risk factors in the screening for preeclampsia, they do not always accurately identify patients who truly have this condition.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the discriminatory accuracy of known preeclampsia risk factors, both individually and in combination.

Methods: We studied patients undergoing prenatal care who were diagnosed with preeclampsia or eclampsia (n = 160 cases) in primary care and those who were not (n = 430 controls).

Comparison of the discriminatory accuracy of four risk criteria for preeclampsia.

Objectives: Several criteria have been proposed to categorize the risk of preeclampsia, with notable differences between these criteria. We compared the discriminatory accuracy of criteria for categorizing preeclampsia risk established by four institutions, namely, the World Health Organization (WHO), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and National Center for Technological Excellence in Health (CENETEC), and estimated the concordance between these criteria.

Study Design: We performed a secondary data analysis of 590 Mexican obstetric patients who received prenatal care in primary care between 2016 and 2017; 160 had a diagnosis of preeclampsia.

[Myocardial infarction in young mexicans associated to metabolic syndrome].

Background: Acute coronary diseases are catastrophic, especially in young patients.

Objective: To determine the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) for premature acute myocardial infarction (AMI), combined with familial, behavioral, and nutritional factors in the northeast of Mexico.

Material And Methods: This is a case control study of patients less than 47 years of age with no personal history of angina, AMI, or cerebrovascular disease.

Prevalence and Determinants of Repeat Mammography Among Women from a Developing Country.

Failures in repeat mammography decrease the potential benefits of screening; however, it is notable that the recent use of mammography is more frequently studied than repeat use. We estimated the prevalence and analyzed determinants for repeat mammography among women from Mexico, a developing country of Latin America. It was a two-stage study with an initial cross-sectional design (n = 1045) and a final case-control design that involved women of at least 45 years of age with no history of breast, ovarian, or uterine cancer.

[Not Available].

Background: The use of sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) has been proposed for screening cardio-metabolic risk factors; however, its accuracy can be influenced by the choice of thresholds values.

Aim: To determine the SAD threshold values for cardio-metabolic risk factors in Mexican adults; to assess whether parallel and serial SAD testing can improve waist circumference (WC) sensitivity and specificity; and to analyze the effect of considering SAD along with WC and body mass index (BMI) in detecting cardio-metabolic risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2012-2014 in Northeast Mexico (n = 269).

Spironolactone Effect in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats.

Introduction: Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, often associated with liver surgery, is an unresolved problem in the clinical practice. Spironolactone is an antagonist of aldosterone that has shown benefits over IR injury in several tissues, but its effects in hepatic IR are unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of spironolactone on IR-induced damage in liver.

[Breast cancer in México: a 10-year trend analysis on incidence and age at diagnosis].

Introduction: Breast cancer is an important public health problem. Some countries have achieved a downward trend while in others, continues ascending. In México, information on incidence and age at diagnosis is isolated in time, and knowledge on trend analysis is lacking.

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is diminished by atorvastatin in Wistar rats.

Background And Aims: Temporal occlusion of the hepatoduodenal ligament (HDL) is often used during liver surgeries in order to reduce blood loss, resulting in ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of atorvastatin (ATOR) on hepatic I/R injury and on serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), antithrombin III (ATIII) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).

Methods: Liver ischemia was induced in Wistar rats by clamping the HDL for 60 min, followed by either 60 or 180 min reperfusion.

Temporal relationship of serum markers and tissue damage during acute intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.

Objective: It is essential to identify a serological marker of injury in order to study the pathophysiology of intestinal ischemia reperfusion. In this work, we studied the evolution of several serological markers after intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. The markers of non-specific cell damage were aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase, the markers of inflammation were tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 beta, and the markers of intestinal mucosal damage were intestinal fatty acid binding protein and D-lactate.

Arachidonic acid derivatives and their role in peripheral nerve degeneration and regeneration.

After peripheral nerve injury, a process of axonal degradation, debris clearance, and subsequent regeneration is initiated by complex local signaling, called Wallerian degeneration (WD). This process is in part mediated by neuroglia as well as infiltrating inflammatory cells and regulated by inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, and the activation of transcription factors also related to the inflammatory response. Part of this neuroimmune signaling is mediated by the innate immune system, including arachidonic acid (AA) derivatives such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

Ketamine reduces intestinal injury and inflammatory cell infiltration after ischemia/reperfusion in rats.

Purpose: Intestinal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induces severe injury and significant mortality. New therapeutic interventions are needed; ketamine is an anesthetic with anti-inflammatory properties, which has shown protective effects on I/R in various organs. This study investigated effects of ketamine on intestinal I/R injury.