Systemic and local effects of lidocaine or mepivacaine when used for intravenous regional anaesthesia of the distal limb in standing sedated horses.

Background: Local anaesthetics are being combined clinically with amikacin in intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP), with limited knowledge on the analgesia provided and its onset and duration of action after tourniquet application and release.

Objective: To evaluate the systemic clinical effect, limb withdrawal to nociceptive stimulation, and plasma and synovial fluid concentrations after IVRLP with lidocaine or mepivacaine in standing sedated horses.

Study Design: Prospective, controlled, randomised, cross-over study.

A comparison of cardiopulmonary effects and anaesthetic requirements of two dexmedetomidine continuous rate infusions in alfaxalone-anaesthetized Greyhounds.

Objective: To determine the effects of two dexmedetomidine continuous rate infusions on the minimum infusion rate of alfaxalone for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), and subsequent haemodynamic and recovery effects in Greyhounds undergoing laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized and blinded clinical study.

Animals: Twenty-four female Greyhounds.

Effect of dexmedetomidine constant rate infusion on the bispectral index during alfaxalone anaesthesia in dogs.

Objective: To assess the effect of two rates of infusion of dexmedetomidine on the bispectral index (BIS) in dogs anaesthetized with alfaxalone constant rate infusion (CRI).

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, 'blinded' experimental study.

Animals: Six healthy Beagles (three females and three males).

Anaesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of a constant rate infusion of fentanyl in isoflurane-anaesthetized sheep.

Objective: To determine the anaesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of a constant rate infusion of fentanyl in sheep anaesthetized with isoflurane and undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

Study Design: Prospective, randomised, 'blinded' controlled study.

Animals: Twenty healthy sheep (weight mean 41.

Omental torsion in a captive polar bear (Ursus maritimus).

This is the first case report of an omental torsion in a polar bear (Ursus maritimus). A captive, 23-yr-old, 250-kg, intact female polar bear presented to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center with a 2-day history of lethargy, depression, and vomiting. Abdominal ultrasound identified large amounts of hyperechoic free peritoneal fluid.