Brain IGF-I regulates LTP, spatial memory, and sexual dimorphic behavior.

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts multiple actions, yet the role of IGF-I from different sources is poorly understood. Here, we explored the functional and behavioral consequences of the conditional deletion of in the nervous system ( ), and demonstrated that long-term potentiation was impaired in hippocampal slices. Moreover, mice showed spatial memory deficits in the Morris water maze, and the significant sex-dependent differences displayed by mice disappeared in mice in the open field and rota-rod tests.

Morphological Diversity of Calretinin Interneurons Generated From Adult Mouse Olfactory Bulb Core Neural Stem Cells.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the olfactory bulb (OB) core can generate mature interneurons in the adult mice brain. The vast majority of these adult generated cells express the calcium-binding protein Calretinin (CalR), and they migrate towards different OB layers. However, these cells have yet to be fully characterized and hence, to achieve this we injected retroviral particles expressing GFP into the OB core of adult animals and found that the CalR neurons generated from NSCs mainly migrate to the granule cell layer (GCL) and glomerular layer (GL) in similar proportions.