Low-cost synthetic tourniquet training model.

Objective: to present a low-cost model for bleeding control training with the use of a tourniquet and the results of the training evaluation.

Method: low-cost and easy-to-purchase materials, such as upholstery foam, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) sheet, plastic propulsion pump, saline container, water, school paint, serum equipment, rubber tubing for tourniquet, and a leg and an arm of a ghost mannequin, were used. In the model assembly, we created an active bleeding simulation system, which could only be controlled with the correct application of the tourniquet.