Orthodontic treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis.

Introduction: Aggressive periodontitis (AP) is a condition that promotes breakdown of the periodontal tissues in a short time. In severe cases, pathologic migration of teeth and tooth loss can occur, producing esthetic and functional problems for the patient. Orthodontic treatment may be recommended to restore esthetics and masticatory function.

Role of rhBMP-2 and rhBMP-7 in the metabolism and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells cultured on chemically modified titanium surfaces.

This study analyzed the role of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7 (rhBMP-7) in the adhesion and differentiation of rat osteoblast-like (osteo-1) cells cultured on chemically modified titanium surfaces. Osteo-1 cells were cultured on chemically modified (modified sandblasted and acid-etched) titanium surfaces in 3 different types of medium: control, medium supplemented with 20 ng/mL rhBMP-2, and medium supplemented with 20 ng/mL rhBMP-7. The following parameters were evaluated: cell adhesion after 24 hours; total protein content; collagen content and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity after 7, 14, and 21 days; and calcified nodule formation after 21 days.

Subgingival microbial profiles as diagnostic markers of destructive periodontal diseases: a clinical epidemiology study.

Aims: To describe the subgingival microbial profiles of the major putative periodontal pathogens and investigate their role as diagnostic markers for destructive periodontal diseases in an untreated and isolated population.

Materials And Methods: The source population consisted of all subjects aged ≥ 12 years in an isolated Brazilian population. An interview and a full-mouth clinical examination were conducted and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from four sites per subject.

Periodontal disease in adults with untreated congenital growth hormone deficiency: a case-control study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations between isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) and periodontal attachment loss (PAL) in adults affected by congenital IGHD.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five previously identified IGHD subjects were eligible for this study. The final study sample comprised 32 cases (gender:20M/12F; age:44.

Compliance improvement in periodontal maintenance.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of efforts applied to modify the patients' behavior towards periodontal maintenance.

Material And Methods: Patients were classified into three groups: Complete Compliance (participation in all visits), Irregular Compliance (irregular participation, one or more missing appointments), and Noncompliance (abandoned or never returned to the program). Complete compliers received usual procedures of the maintenance visit.

Presence of periodontopathic bacteria in coronary arteries from patients with chronic periodontitis.

In this study the presence of periodontopathic pathogens in atheromatous plaques removed from coronary arteries of patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects by PCR was detected. Our results indicate a significant association between the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and atheromas, and the periodontal bacteria in oral biofilm may find a way to reach arteries.

Root-coverage procedures for the treatment of localized recession-type defects: a Cochrane systematic review.

Background: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of different root-coverage procedures in the treatment of recession-type defects.

Methods: The Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched for entries up to October 2008. There were no restrictions regarding publication status or the language of publication.

The subepithelial connective tissue pedicle graft combined with the coronally advanced flap for restoring missing papilla: a report of two cases.

This case report describes the clinical application of the coronally advanced flap procedure associated with the subepithelial connective tissue pedicle graft in the reconstruction of interdental papilla. This procedure was used in two distinct situations: to reconstruct missing papilla and cover two Miller Class IV gingival recessions between the maxillary right lateral incisor and canine (case 1) and to improve esthetics and restore missing papilla between the maxillary left central and lateral incisors (case 2). In case 1, there was a clinical attachment level gain, complete root coverage (canine), and an increase in papillary height.

Risk indicators for aggressive periodontitis in an untreated isolated young population from Brazil.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis (AgP), and to investigate the association between demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral risk indicators with AgP in an untreated and isolated young population in Southeastern Brazil. For this cross-sectional survey, 134 subjects aged 12-29 years were selected by a census. Of those eligible, 101 subjects received a full-mouth clinical examination, and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire.

Tooth loss prevalence and risk indicators in an isolated population of Brazil.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and risk indicators of tooth loss in an isolated population of Brazil.

Material And Methods: Two-hundred-and-forty-two subjects, ranging in age from 14 to 82 years (mean 36.2 years), were identified by census in an isolated population of Brazil.

Root coverage procedures for the treatment of localised recession-type defects.

Background: Gingival recession is defined as the oral exposure of the root surface due to a displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cemento-enamel junction and it is regularly linked to the deterioration of dental aesthetics. Successful treatment of recession-type defects is based on the use of predictable periodontal plastic surgery (PPS) procedures.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of different root coverage procedures in the treatment of recession-type defects.

Systematic review of periodontal plastic surgery in the treatment of multiple recession-type defects.

Objectives: The objectives of this systematic review were (1) to evaluate results obtained with different periodontal plastic surgery procedures in the treatment of multiple recession-type defects and (2) to assess differences in results from randomized controlled trials and other types of studies (i.e., controlled clinical trials and case series).

The influence of tobacco smoking on the outcomes achieved by root-coverage procedures: a systematic review.

Background: The authors conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effect of smoking on the clinical outcomes achieved by periodontal plastic surgery procedures in the treatment of recession-type defects.

Types Of Studies Reviewed: The authors performed an electronic search on MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled clinical trials, controlled clinical trials and case series that involved at least six months' follow-up. They looked for studies published through June 2008 that compared the outcome measures achieved by smokers and nonsmokers after they underwent periodontal plastic surgery procedures for treatment of gingival recession.

Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7) on the viability, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells cultured on a chemically modified titanium surface.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of the chemical characteristics and roughness of titanium surfaces on the viability, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells cultured in a medium supplemented with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7).

Material And Methods: Osteo-1 cells were grown on titanium disks presenting with the following surfaces: (1) machined, (2) coarse grit-blasted and acid-attacked (SLA) and (3) chemically modified SLA (SLAmod) in the absence or presence of 20 ng/ml rhBMP-7 in culture medium. The viability and number of osteo-1 cells were evaluated after 24 h.

Radiographic alveolar bone loss in patients undergoing periodontal maintenance.

The aim of the present cross-sectional investigation was to evaluate percentage of bone loss in patients who had been one year under periodontal maintenance at the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo by radiographic analysis. Complete sets of periapical radiographs provided data regarding percentage of alveolar bone loss, which was correlated with arches, tooth group and proximal sites. The sample consisted of 27 men and 53 women ranging in age from 16 to 85 years (mean: 48.

Risk indicators for increased probing depth in an isolated population in Brazil.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of probing depth (PD) and to investigate the associations between demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral risk indicators and PD in a periodontally untreated and isolated population in Brazil.

Methods: The target population consisted of all individuals aged > or =12 years as identified by a census. Consenting participants were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire.

Can subepithelial connective tissue grafts be considered the gold standard procedure in the treatment of Miller Class I and II recession-type defects?

Objectives: The objective of this systematic review was to answer the following question: 'Can subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SCTG) be considered the gold standard procedure in the treatment of recession-type defects?' DATA AND SOURCE: An electronic search (MEDLIINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL) for randomized controlled clinical trials with at least 6 months' follow-up comparing SCTG with other procedures for the treatment of gingival recession was performed up to December 2007.

Study Selection: To be eligible to this review patients had to present a diagnosis of gingival recession with the following characteristics: (a) recession areas selected for treatment classified as Miller [Miller Jr PD. A classification of marginal tissue recession.

Periodontal attachment loss in an untreated isolated population of Brazil.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of clinical attachment loss (CAL) and to investigate the association of demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral risk indicators with CAL in an untreated isolated population in Brazil.

Methods: All subjects aged > or =12 years were identified by a census. Participants were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured, written questionnaire.

Characterization of bone cells obtained from the calvaria of neonatal rats (osteo-1) after serial subculture.

The objective of the present study was to characterize bone cells grown in two culture media, and to determine the effective concentration of OP-1 on the growth of osteo-1 cells. Subcultured rat bone cells (osteo-1) were grown in alpha-modified Eagle's minimal essential medium (alpha-MEM) and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and total protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity and the formation of mineralized nodules were evaluated after 7, 14 and 21 days. Cells were exposed to different concentrations of rhOP-1 for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days and compared with an untreated control.

Analysis of IL-1A(-889) and TNFA(-308) gene polymorphism in Brazilian patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis.

Generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) comprises a group of periodontal diseases characterized by the rapid destruction of periodontal tissues which affect young individuals who generally present no systemic disorders. Polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) genes have been associated with an increased severity of chronic periodontitis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between IL-1A (-889) and TNFA (-308) gene polymorphisms and GAP.

SEM analyses of bacterial contamination of e-PTFE membranes and GTR clinical results.

The aim of the present study was to determine whether bacterial contamination of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membranes and the degree of membrane exposure could affect the clinical results of guided tissue regeneration (GTR). Seven patients (aged 42 to 58 years) presented with twenty intrabony defects that were treated by GTR + DFDBA (decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft). Gingival recession, probing depths, and clinical attachment levels were recorded before surgery and 10 months subsequently.

Morphometric study of length and grooves of maxillary lateral incisor roots.

Objective: Root grooves are considered a risk factor for periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to measure the length of the root of maxillary lateral incisors (MLI), as well as the width and depth of the concavities of their proximal surfaces, and also to determine the prevalence of palato-gingival grooves.

Methods: the width and depth of root concavities, as well as root length were evaluated in 73 MLI.

Repair of Class II furcation defects after a reparative tissue graft obtained from extraction sockets treated with growth factors: a histologic and histometric study in dogs.

Background: Reparative tissue of extraction sockets was proposed as grafting material in the treatment of periodontal defects. Our hypothesis was that the addition of growth factors to extraction sockets improves the regenerative potential of this tissue when used as a graft. The objective of the present study was to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the repair of acute Class II furcation defects after they receive this grafting material.

Biometric study of furcation area of first maxillary molars.

The present investigation was designed to study the distance from the 3 bifurcation entrances to their opposite roots, and also the virtual center of the trifurcation (TC), which is equidistant from each bifurcation entrance, of maxillary molars. Thirty-five teeth devoid of any surface damage or fused roots were selected. Roots were included in acrylic resin and cross-sectioned at the cementoenamel junction to the apex using a rotary diamond blade and 0.

Relationship of subgingival and salivary microbiota to gingival overgrowth in heart transplant patients following cyclosporin A therapy.

Background: Severe gingival overgrowth (GO) is induced in patients taking cyclosporin A (CsA) following organ transplantation. Determining which patient will develop GO is still not possible. The purpose of this study was to establish an association between CsA and gingival overgrowth in heart transplant patients taking into account periodontal and microbiological conditions.