Developmental increase in postsynaptic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4 isoxazolepropionic acid receptor compartmentalization at the calyx of Held synapse.

The pattern of expression of ionotropic glutamate receptor (GluR) subunits 1-4 in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) has been reported to change during development. The aim of this study was to compare the distribution of the GluR1-4 subunits in the MNTB at postnatal day (P) 9, before high-frequency signal transmission in the auditory system has developed, with that observed in mature adult rats. GluR1-4 subunits were studied by preembedding and postembedding immunocytochemical methods.

Flavonoid modulation of ionic currents mediated by GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors.

The modulation of ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABA-gated Cl(-) channels) by a group of natural and synthetic flavonoids was studied in electrophysiological experiments. Quercetin, apigenin, morine, chrysin and flavone inhibited ionic currents mediated by alpha(1)beta(1)gamma(2s) GABA(A) and rho(1) GABA(C) receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in the micromolar range. alpha(1)beta(1)gamma(2s) GABA(A) and rho(1) GABA(C) receptors differ largely in their sensitivity to benzodiazepines, but they were similarly modulated by different flavonoids.