Acute influenza virus-associated encephalitis and encephalopathy in adults: a challenging diagnosis.

: Acute influenza-associated encephalopathy/encephalitis (IAE) in adults is a rare but well-known complication of influenza virus infection. The diagnosis is difficult to make due to the absence of distinctive clinical symptoms and validated diagnostic criteria. We present an illustrative case and a case review on acute IAE in adults.

No increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis due to Wilson disease during long-term follow-up.

Background And Aims: Data on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Wilson disease are scarce. We determine HCC risk in a well-defined cohort of Wilson patients.

Methods: All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Wilson disease (Leipzig score ≥ 4) in three Dutch university referral hospitals were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Time-dependent test characteristics of head computed tomography in patients suspected of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: A recent study suggested that in patients with acute headache suspicious of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is not needed to rule out SAH if head CT performed ≤6 hours after ictus is negative. Before implementation in daily practice, these results need replication. Therefore, we investigated test characteristics of head CT in patients with a clinical suspicion of SAH.

Long-term exclusive zinc monotherapy in symptomatic Wilson disease: experience in 17 patients.

Unlabelled: Exclusive monotherapy with zinc in symptomatic Wilson disease is controversial. Seventeen symptomatic patients with Wilson disease were treated with zinc only. The mean age at diagnosis and start of treatment was 18 years (range 13-26) with approximately half presenting as adolescents.

Changes in case fatality of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage over time, according to age, sex, and region: a meta-analysis.

Background: In a systematic review, published in 1997, we found that the case fatality of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) decreased during the period 1960-95. Because diagnostic and treatment strategies have improved and new studies from previously non-studied regions have been published since 1995, we did an updated meta-analysis to assess changes in case fatality and morbidity and differences according to age, sex, and region.

Methods: A new search of PubMed with predefined inclusion criteria for case finding and diagnosis identified reports on prospective population-based studies published between January, 1995, and July, 2007.