Huge Mediastinal Lipoblastoma in a Nine Year-old Boy Successfully Removed Surgically.

A nine year-old boy presented with symptoms of dyspnoea. The chest radiograph and computed tomography scan revealed a large mediastinal tumour. A decision to operate on the patient was made.

Human papillomavirus types detected in skin warts and cancer differ in their transforming properties but commonly counteract UVB induced protective responses in human keratinocytes.

In the present study, E6E7 and E6 proteins of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) associated with skin warts and cancer were compared for their transforming and carcinogenic abilities in primary human keratinocytes (PHKs). We show that E6E7 of cancer associated beta HPV types, notably 49 and 24, were able to extend the life span and enhance the clonogenic efficiency of PHKs when maintained in serum free/low calcium medium. Activities of the beta HPV E6E7 were lower than those of HPV16 E6E7.

Penile herpes simplex virus type 1 infection presenting two and a half years after Jewish ritual circumcision of an infant.

The association between Jewish ritual circumcision and genital herpes simplex virus type 1 infection has been well described. We report a case of genital herpes that first presented at the age of 2½ years. We believe that the infection was acquired asymptomatically through direct orogenital suction performed during circumcision in the newborn period.

The hepatorenal reflex contributes to the induction of oliguria during pneumoperitoneum in the rat.

Background: Hepatic blood flow is known to decrease during pneumoperitoneum. Studies have shown that such changes affect kidney urinary output through the sympathetic pathway known as the hepatorenal reflex. This study investigated the potential role of the hepatorenal reflex in pneumoperitoneum-induced oliguria.

[Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in adolescents with morbid obesity].

Background: Morbid obesity has become a significant health problem for the pediatric population. The medical impact of obesity in youth is determinant. Conservative methods for weight loss are disappointing and therefore, bariatric surgery should be considered.

A foregut cyst presenting as an umbilical mass in a newborn.

We described for the first time a foregut cyst presenting as an umbilical mass in a female infant. The diagnosis was made microscopically. This case illustrates, based on varied histologic findings, the complexity in classifying such cysts, in view of existing terminology.

Anemia of acute infection in hospitalized children-no evidence of hemolysis.

The objective of the study is to examine the assumption that a process of hemolysis plays a role in anemia of acute infection in children. The study was comprised of febrile pediatric patients, who had a positive blood or urine culture. Complete blood count measures were compared between hospitalization and prehospitalization or posthospitalization values.

Sonographic findings following appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis in children.

Background: Little is known about 'normal' local sonographic changes occurring in the postoperative period after an uneventful appendectomy.

Objective: To analyse the local changes on US examination occurring after uneventful open (OA) or laparoscopic (LA) appendectomy in children with normal histology and with nonperforated acute appendicitis.

Materials And Methods: US was prospectively performed in 82 children (54 boys and 28 girls) aged 1-16 years (mean 11.

Intestinal obstruction in an autistic adolescent.

Bezoars and foreign bodies are frequently encountered in children with psychiatric disorders. Eating disorder (called pica) occurs predominantly in some high-risk patients such as psychiatric and mentally disabled children. Small-bowel obstruction is an uncommon complication of ingested foreign body because the foreign body is able to cross the whole small intestine and be excreted in the feces.

Natural history of food allergy in infants and children in Israel.

Background: Knowledge about the natural history of food allergy, especially sesame, is scarce.

Objective: To follow the natural history of food allergies in Israel, particularly of sesame allergy.

Methods: The survey was conducted based on clinical records and a detailed questionnaire of children diagnosed as having food allergy.

Gastroesophageal regurgitation during anesthesia and controlled ventilation with six airway devices.

Study Objective: To investigate the frequency of gastroesophageal regurgitation and respiratory mechanics during positive pressure ventilation using 5 supraglottic devices or an endotracheal tube (ETT).

Design: Prospective, randomized study.

Setting: Operating rooms in a university-affiliated hospital.

Characteristics of thermal burns in children admitted to an Israeli pediatric surgical ward.

Background: Reports of burn injuries in children are usually made by highly specialized burn units. Our facility admits children with burns covering < 20% total body surface area, while those with major burns are transferred to burn units at tertiary care facilities.

Objectives: To review our experience with thermal burns.

Correct depth of insertion of right internal jugular central venous catheters based on external landmarks: avoiding the right atrium.

Objective: Radiographically, a central venous catheter (CVC) tip should lie at the level of the right tracheobronchial angle. Precalculation of length of CVC insertion may avoid unnecessary catheter malposition. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of a method of CVC positioning, based on external topographic landmarks.

Wearing surgical attire outside the operating room: a survey of habits of anesthesiologists and surgeons in Israel.

Background: Nurses observe regulations restricting the use of uncovered surgical attire outside the operating room (OR), but there are no guidelines for physicians nor data on their habits in this matter. We assessed physicians' attitudes and behavior about OR attire in non-OR areas.

Study Design: A multicenter study was conducted among 106 units and departments in 23 university-affiliated, teaching and public hospitals and 2 private hospitals in Israel.

Analysis of the interleukin-12/interferon-gamma pathway in children with non-tuberculous mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis.

Genetic defects along the interleukin (IL)-12/interferon (IFN)-gamma pathway have been found in patients with mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) caused by live BCG vaccine or non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) species, highlighting the crucial role of this axis in human immunity to Mycobacterium. The aims of this study were to characterize healthy children presenting with cervical lymphadenitis caused by NTM and to investigate their IL-12/IFN-gamma pathway. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and pathological findings were reviewed retrospectively.

Early burn related gram positive systemic infection in children admitted to a pediatric surgical ward.

Background: Gram positive infections, including toxic shock syndrome (TSS), may be an early complication following burns, especially in children.

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with early burn related gram positive systemic infection (EBGI) in children admitted to a Pediatric Surgical Ward.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the records of all EBGI patients treated from January 1995 to December 2004.

Characteristics of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano in healthy children.

Background: Probably because of the low frequency, perianal abscess (PA) and fistula-in-ano (FIA) in children older than 2 years have not been investigated except in those with a predisposing condition such as Crohn's disease. This study aims to summarize our experience about the characteristics and treatment of PA and FIA in healthy children.

Methods: The charts of all children older than 24 months of age treated for PA and/or FIA from 1990 to 2003 were reviewed.

Serum and peritoneal inflammatory mediators in children with suspected acute appendicitis.

Hypothesis: Inflammatory markers differ between subjects with appendicitis and controls. Markers of inflammation differ in serum compared with intraperitoneal fluid. Among subjects with appendicitis, inflammatory markers differ between subjects with and without perforation.

Perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano in infants: a different entity?

Purpose: The features of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano in infants are different from those of older children, and there is controversy regarding their treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of various methods used for their management.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the records was conducted for all infants younger than 24 months of age treated for perianal abscess, fistula-in-ano, or both from 1990 to 2002.

Esophageal pH study and symptomatology of gastroesophageal reflux in newborn infants.

A retrospective study was undertaken to assess the association between esophageal pH monitoring variables and signs such as regurgitation, vomiting, apnea, bradycardia, and cyanotic episodes attributable to gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in neonates. One hundred thirty-four infants with one or more of the above-described signs underwent 24-hour distal esophageal pH monitoring in the neonatal intensive care unit, and were divided into 2 groups by gestational age. Group 1 (preterm infant group) consisted of infants aged 25 to 36 weeks of gestation ( n = 45) and group 2 (term infant group) consisted of infants aged 37 to 42 weeks gestation ( n = 89).

Acute epididymitis in boys: evidence of a post-infectious etiology.

Purpose: We studied the etiology and management of pediatric epididymitis.

Material And Methods: We performed 1-year prospective study in children with epididymitis. All patients underwent an immediate sonographic study of the scrotum.

Intussusception in children: can we rely on screening sonography performed by junior residents?

Background: Ultrasonography is an important tool in the screening and diagnosis of patients with suspected intussusception.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the accuracy and performance of junior residents and compare it to that of senior residents and staff radiologists.

Materials And Methods: Between January 1999 and February 2003, 151 patients with suspected intussusception underwent screening US.

[Reduction of intussusception by air enema in children--experience over a 13-year period].

Purpose: Intussusception is a relatively common pediatric emergency. The accepted treatment is closed reduction using barium or air enema and surgery when it has failed. We present our 13-year experience using air enema for treatment of intussusception, emphasizing the reduction with repeated delayed air enema.

Severity of acid gastroesophageal reflux assessed by pH metry: is it associated with respiratory disease?

About 50% of children with chronic respiratory diseases (RD) have "silent" gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Our purpose was to evaluate the possibility that RD in patients with GER reflects the presence of more severe acid reflux. We compared the severity of parameters from pH studies in children with chronic RD and "silent" GER, to children with signs of symptomatic gastrointestinal (GI) GER with and without RD.