On the correct lectotype for Marmessoidea unicolor Redtenbacher, 1908 (Insecta: Phasmatodea).

Hennemann, F.H., Conle, O.

Revision of the Oriental subfamily Heteropteryginae Kirby, 1896, with a re-arrangement of the family Heteropterygidae and the descriptions of five new species of Haaniella Kirby, 1904. (Phasmatodea: Areolatae: Heteropterygidae).

The areolate Oriental family Heteropterygidae Kirby, 1893 is critically reviewed and the results of the present study contradict the arrangement suggested by Zompro (2004), but in most aspects agree with a molecular study presented by Whiting et al (2003) and a phylogenetic study presented by Bradler (2009). The family is critically discussed and new hypotheses are presented for the phylogeny and intra-familiar relationships, placing the subfamily Dataminae Rehn & Rehn, 1939 as the basalmost clade of Heteropterygidae. The subfamilies Obriminae Brunner v.

Pelvic autonomic nerve preservation in radical rectal cancer surgery: changes in the past 3 decades.

The advent of total mesorectal excision (TME) together with minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic colorectal surgery and robotic surgery has improved surgical results. However, the incidence of bladder and sexual dysfunction remains high. This may be particularly distressing for the patient and troublesome to manage for the surgeon when it does occur.

Perspectives on Intravenous Oxycodone for Control of Postoperative Pain.

Intravenous (IV) analgesia has particular advantages in the immediate postoperative period. For example, IV administration results in a faster onset of pain relief and results in more predictable pharmacokinetics than does administration by other routes. It also allows for convenient dosing before or during surgery, permitting the initiation of effective analgesia in the early phase of the postoperative period.

Intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma with unusual synchronous metastases to the colorectum and bladder.

A 75-year-old male presented with difficult defecation and increasing urinary frequency over a few months. He had a significant history of previous partial gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma 20 years prior. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis showed extensive lymphadenopathy, a gastric mass and rectal as well as bladder wall thickening with bilateral ureterohydronephrosis.

Primary omental gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) presenting with a large abdominal mass and spontaneous haemoperitoneum.

A 60-year-old Indonesian woman presented with a 9-day history of increasing abdominal distension, pain and tiredness. Physical examination revealed significant pallor with a palpable mass in the abdomen. CT of the abdomen reported a 22 cm complex mass in the peritoneal cavity with free intra-abdominal fluid.

Stopping or reducing dietary fiber intake reduces constipation and its associated symptoms.

Aim: To investigate the effect of reducing dietary fiber on patients with idiopathic constipation.

Methods: Sixty-three cases of idiopathic constipation presenting between May 2008 and May 2010 were enrolled into the study after colonoscopy excluded an organic cause of the constipation. Patients with previous colon surgery or a medical cause of their constipation were excluded.

Innovations in chronic anal fissure treatment: A systematic review.

A chronic anal fissure is a common perianal condition. This review aims to evaluate both existing and new therapies in the treatment of chronic fissures. Pharmacological therapies such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), Diltiazem ointment and Botulinum toxin provide a relatively non-invasive option, but with higher recurrence rates.

Posterior perineal support as treatment for anal fissures--preliminary results with a new toilet seat device.

Background: Anal fissures can cause morbidity in an otherwise healthy young patient. The process of evacuation results in stretching and descent of the anoderm and perineum especially posteriorly. Posterior perineal support may provide counter pressure at the posterior aspect of the pelvic floor, balancing the pressure exerted by the faeces on the anal wall, thus improving evacuation and reducing the trauma associated with it, and reducing symptoms of anal fissures.

Fiber and colorectal diseases: separating fact from fiction.

Whilst fruits and vegetables are an essential part of our dietary intake, the role of fiber in the prevention of colorectal diseases remains controversial. The main feature of a high-fiber diet is its poor digestibility. Soluble fiber like pectins, guar and ispaghula produce viscous solutions in the gastrointestinal tract delaying small bowel absorption and transit.

Overexpression of RB1 transcript is significantly correlated with 13q14 allelic imbalance in colorectal carcinomas.

RB1 gene expression has been reported to be upregulated in colorectal carcinomas (CRC) at both the mRNA and protein levels when compared to normal colonic mucosa. However, allelic loss at the genomic level has been detected in CRC with widely differing frequencies ranging from 11.5% to 50%.

A randomized controlled trial of 0.5% ferric hyaluronate gel (Intergel) in the prevention of adhesions following abdominal surgery.

Introduction: Intestinal adhesion following abdominal surgery is a significant sequela to abdominal surgery. Intergel is a hyaluronate-based gel that reduces the incidence of postoperative adhesions when added to the peritoneal cavity before closure in gynecologic surgery. This is a randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of Intergel in colorectal resections.

Total mesorectal excision: the unrecognized pelvic plane.

Total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancers has been shown to reduce local recurrence rate after curative operation to <5 percent. The lack of anatomic appreciation of the mesorectum is an important cause of inter-surgeon variability in the outcome of rectal cancer surgery. Surgical illustrations depicting the mesorectal anatomy, however, are less than accurate.

Outcomes for abdominoperineal resections are not worse than those of anterior resections.

Purpose: Local recurrence and cure rates following abdominoperineal resections have been reported to be much worse than sphincter-preserving anterior resections. We compared the oncologic outcomes of patients treated by abdominoperineal resections with those following sphincter-preserving anterior resections.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent radical rectal resection for rectal carcinoma at the Colorectal Surgery Department, Singapore General Hospital, during the period from April 1989 to April 2002 were reviewed.

Unresectable desmoid tumours causing obstructive uropathy in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Desmoid tumour-related ureteral obstruction in familial adenomatous polyposis presents difficult management problems. Its role in altering prognosis for the worse in young patients has been neglected. Two patients are reported and 14 cases in the literature reviewed.

Surgical results of total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer in a specialised colorectal unit.

Our aim was to review the results of total mesorectal excision (TME) in a specialised colorectal unit. Perioperative and follow-up data were prospectively collected in a computerised database. A review of all the records was made.

GG genotype of cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism is associated with increased risk and advanced colorectal cancer in patients in Singapore.

Recent studies have implicated cyclin D1 G870A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in susceptibility to and early onset of colorectal cancers (CRC). We investigated the role of cyclin D1 G870A SNP in Singapore CRC patients without dominant family history by genotyping 254 patients and 101 controls. The risk of cancer for AA individuals was less than half that of GG individuals (odds ratio (OR) 0.

Stapled mucosectomy for rectocele repair: a preliminary report.

There is no optimum surgical method of repair for rectoceles; however, recent interest in the use of the circular hemorrhoidal stapler gun to treat rectoceles has stirred interest. We describe our early results using the circular hemorrhoidal stapler gun for repair of rectoceles. Seven patients (median age, 45 (range, 31-62) years; all females) have been treated.

Digital rectal examination compares favourably with conventional water-soluble contrast enema in the assessment of anastomotic healing after low rectal excision: a cohort study.

Background: Assessment of healing after low colorectal, colo-anal or ileo-pouch anal anastomosis is routinely performed with a water-soluble contrast enema (WSCE) prior to the reversal of the defunctioning stoma. Interpretation of these radiographs is sometimes difficult and imprecise. As these anastomoses are within the reach of a simple digital rectal examination (DRE), this approach is proposed as an effective and accurate adjunct.

Cap polyposis: further experience and review.

Purpose: Cap polyposis is characterized by the presence of inflammatory polyps with a "cap" of granulation tissue. It may represent one end of a spectrum of conditions caused by chronic straining. This experience represents the second largest reported series of cap polyposis.